Association between vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphisms and the risk of multiple sclerosis (MS): an updated meta-analysis
BMC Neurology volume 19, Article number: 339 (2019)
Danyal Imani, Bahman Razi, Morteza Motallebnezhad & Ramazan Rezaei
Items in both categories MS and VDR are listed here:
- Multiple Sclerosis and Vitamin D Receptor Activators
- Multiple Sclerosis: is strongly related to poor Vitamin D receptors – umbrella review Oct 2024
- Poor Vitamin D Receptor increases the risk of Multiple Sclerosis in people of European descent – Feb 2024
- Multiple Sclerosis 2X-3X more likely if poor Vitamin D Receptor – Meta-analysis Feb 2020
- Risk of Multiple Sclerosis varies with the Vitamin D Receptor – meta-analysis Dec 2019
- Multiple Sclerosis and Vitamin D Receptor super enhancers – March 2019
- Vitamin D genes increase MS relapses in children by 2X – May 2019
- Immunological effects of vitamin D and their relations to autoimmunity – March 2019
- Inflammation and immune responses to Vitamin D (perhaps need to measure active vitamin D) – July 2017
- Multiple Sclerosis more likely if poor vitamin D genes - 22nd study – Aug 2017
- Multiple sclerosis (relapsing-remitting) increases activation of Vitamin D Receptor by 6.6 X – March 2017
- Multiple Sclerosis is more likely if poor Vitamin D Receptor (4X Mexico, 3X Iran)– Feb 2017
- Multiple Sclerosis much more likely if poor Vitamin D Receptor – several studies
- Multiple Sclerosis and the Vitamin D Receptor – meta-analysis July 2014
Items in both categories MS and Meta-analysis are listed here:
- Multiple Sclerosis treatment not helped by small doses of vitamin D (yet again) – meta-analysis Jan 2024
- Multiple Sclerosis 2X-3X more likely if poor Vitamin D Receptor – Meta-analysis Feb 2020
- Multiple Sclerosis: 10 percent fewer relapses for each 10 ng higher level of vitamin D – Meta-analysis April 2020
- Multiple Sclerosis 40 percent more likely if mother had low vitamin D – meta-analysis Jan 2020
- Risk of Multiple Sclerosis varies with the Vitamin D Receptor – meta-analysis Dec 2019
- MS not treated by Vitamin D (a few old studies using small doses) – Meta-analysis July 2018
- Multiple Sclerosis treated when use high doses of vitamin D – meta-analysis May 2018
- Fewer Multiple Sclerosis lesions when supplemented with Vitamin D – meta-analysis May 2017
- Multiple Sclerosis and small doses of Vitamin D – meta-review March 2016
- Multiple sclerosis patients have 15 ng lower levels of vitamin D – meta-analysis June 2014
- Multiple Sclerosis and the Vitamin D Receptor – meta-analysis July 2014
- Multiple Sclerosis: number needed to treat with vitamin D may be as low as 1.3 – Meta-analysis Oct 2013
- No association between Multiple Sclerosis relapses and being treated with vitamin D–meta-analysis May 2013
- Multiple Sclerosis 23 percent more likely if born in April vs. Oct – meta-analysis Nov 2012
Vitamin D Receptor is associated in over 58 autoimmune studies
Vitamin D Receptor Activation can be increased by any of: Resveratrol, Omega-3, Magnesium, Zinc. Quercetin, non-daily Vit D. Curcumin, intense exercise, Ginger, Essential oils, etc Note: The founder of VitaminDWiki uses 10 of the 12 known VDR activators
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Background
The association between the Vitamin D Receptor (VDR) gene polymorphism and the risk of Multiple sclerosis (MS) has been evaluated in several researches. However, the findings were inconsistent and inconclusive. Therefore, we set out a meta-analysis of all eligible published case-control studies to obtain an exact evaluation of the association between VDR gene polymorphisms and MS.
Method
All relevant studies reporting the association between the VDR gene FokI (rs2228570), or/and TaqI (rs731236) or/and BsmI (rs1544410) or/and ApaI (rs7975232) polymorphisms and susceptibility to MS published up to May, 2019 were identified by comprehensive systematic search in the electronic database of web of science, Scopus, and PubMed. After that, the strength of association between VDR gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to MS was evaluated by odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI).
Results
A total of 30 case–control studies were included in the meta-analysis. The overall results suggested a significant association between TaqI polymorphism and MS risk under heterozygote genetic model (OR = 1.27, 95%CI = 1.01–1.59, random effect). Moreover, the pooled results of subgroup analysis declined presence of significant association under all defined genetic model. In subgroup analysis, BsmI polymorphisms was associated with increased risk of MS under recessive model in Asian populations. On the other hand, ApaI polymorphism was associated with decreased risk of MS under recessive and aa vs. AA model in Asian populations.
Conclusion
This meta-analysis suggested a significant association between TaqI polymorphism and MS susceptibility. Furthermore, BsmI polymorphism was associated with increased risk of MS in Asian populations. In contrast, ApaI polymorphism was associated with decreased risk of MS in Asian populations. Future large-scale studies on gene–environment and gene–gene interactions are required to estimate risk factors and assist early diagnosis of patients at high risk for MS.