Vitamin D Supplementation and Sleep: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Intervention Studies
Nutrients 2022, 14(5), 1076; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14051076
by Myriam Abboud. Department of Health Sciences, College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
Background: Vitamin D deficiency is associated with sleep disorders and poor sleep quality. Whether vitamin D supplementation (VDS) helps resolve these problems remains unclear. Objective: To systematically review the effect of VDS on sleep quantity, quality, and disorders, and perform a meta-analysis of available data.
Methods: The reporting of this review followed the PRISMA statement. VDS human interventions studies that reported on sleep quality, quantity, or disorders were included. Medline, CINAHL, EMBASE, PsycInfo, the Cochrane Library, Clinicaltrials.gov, and the ICTRP were searched, in addition to the references of the included articles and previous relevant reviews, without language or time restrictions. Included studies were critically appraised, findings were narratively synthesized, and a meta-analysis was conducted. Furthermore, the overall certainty of the evidence was assessed.
Results: A total of 19 studies were included (13 randomized controlled trials (RCTs), 1 opportunistic addition to an RCT, 4 pre–post studies, and 1 pre–post study analyzed as a case series); 3 RCTs were meta-analyses. The risk of bias was generally low. Pre–post studies showed a significant improvement in sleep quality with VDS. Similarly, the results of the meta-analysis revealed a statistically significant decrease in the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index with VDS compared with placebo (mean difference, −2.33 (95% CI, −3.09, −1.57); p < 0.001; I2 = 0%), with a moderate certainty of evidence. The results regarding the effect of VDS on sleep-related impairment, difficulty, and disorders, as well as sleepiness and restless legs syndrome, were not unanimous.
Conclusions: VDS is promising in improving sleep quality; however, its effect on sleep quantity and disorders needs to be further investigated.
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In many of the trials half did not get to 30 ng level of vitamin D
VitaminDWiki - Sleep category
A few items in SLEEP category
- Sleep greatly improved by 50,000 IU of vitamin D once every two weeks – RCT Sept 2018
- Sleep disorders nicely treated by Vitamin D (50,000 IU twice a month) – RCT May 2017
- Sleep, Dr. Gominak and Vitamin D - several studies
- Restless Legs Syndrome - Vitamin D, Iron, etc. - many studies
- On the job sleepiness 2.2X more likely if low vitamin D – Feb 2020
- Poor sleep 1.5 X more likely if less than 20 ng of Vitamin D – Feb 2019
- The Better Sleep Vitamin (Vitamin D) – nice 3 dollar book Feb 2015
- The worse the sleep apnea, the lower the vitamin D levels – meta-analysis 2017, 2020
- Vitamin D for better sleep video - Dec 2021
- 5X increase in sleep problems in a decade in US Veterans 2016
- Sleep Apnea and Vitamin D - many studies
- Melatonin and Vitamin D - many studies does much more than improve sleep
VitaminDWiki - Sleep Meta-analyses
- Sleep improved a bit by adding a bit of vitamin D – meta-anaysis March 2022
- Sleep improved by Vitamin D, Melatonin, amino acids, etc. -Meta-analysis Jan 2021
- Poor sleep 1.5 X more likely if less than 20 ng of Vitamin D – meta-analysis Oct 2018
- The worse the sleep apnea, the lower the vitamin D levels – meta-analysis 2017, 2020
VitaminDWiki - Sleep and Omega-3
- Benefits of Omega-3 plus Vitamin D were additive – RCT Sept 2021
- Sleep problems associated with Omega problems - April 2021
- Omega-3 greatly reduced sleep deprivation problems in rats – June 2018
- Happy Nurses Project gave Omega-3 for 3 months – reduced depression, insomnia, anxiety, etc for a year – RCT July 2018
- Obstructive Sleep Apnea reduced by Omega-3 – June 2016
- Longer time to fall to sleep in winter unless eat salmon (vitamin D and Omega-3) – May 2014
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