Profiles of vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency in Japanese men and women: association with biological, environmental, and nutritional factors and coexisting disorders: the ROAD study.
Osteoporos Int. 2013 May 15.
Yoshimura N, Muraki S, Oka H, Morita M, Yamada H, Tanaka S, Kawaguchi H, Nakamura K, Akune T.
Department of Joint Disease Research, 22nd Century Medical and Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan, YOSHIMURAN-ORT at h.u-tokyo.ac.jp.
Assessments of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in 1,683 Japanese from a population-based cohort revealed prevalences of vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency were 81.3 and 1.2 %, respectively. Vitamin D deficiency was significantly associated with female sex, examined month, current smoking, lack of regular walking, higher intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH), and poor daily vitamin D intake.
INTRODUCTION: To clarify the characteristics of subjects with vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency among men and women in the general Japanese population.
METHODS: We initiated research on osteoarthritis/osteoporosis against disability (ROAD), a large-scale population-based cohort study, in 2005-2007. Blood examination was performed to measure serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25D) and iPTH levels and biochemical markers of bone turnover in 1,683 participants (595 men, 1,088 women). Participants completed an interviewer-administered questionnaire, measurements of bone mineral density, and x-ray examination. Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency were defined by serum 25D levels <10 and ≥10 but <30 ng/mL, respectively.
RESULTS: The prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency was 81.3 and 1.2 %, respectively. Multinominal logistic regression analyses using potentially confounding variables revealed vitamin D insufficiency was significantly associated with age (+1 year, relative risk ratio, 0.98; 95 % confidence interval, 0.96-0.99), gender (women vs. men, 2.28; 1.59-3.30), residing areas (coastal area vs. mountainous area, 0.58; 0.41-0.81), examined month (October, November, December vs. January, 0.51; 0.34-0.76), and serum levels of iPTH (+1 pg/mL, 1.02; 1.01-1.03).
Vitamin D deficiency was significantly characterised by
- female sex (20.5; 3.1-136.7),
- examined month (0.28; 0.09-0.95),
- current smoking habit (6.39; 1.78-23.0),
- lack of regular outside walking (3.96; 1.34-11.7),
- higher iPTH (1.02; 1.01-1.03) and
- poor daily vitamin D intake (+10 μg/day, 0.48; 0.24-0.93).
CONCLUSIONS: A high prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency and a low prevalence of vitamin D deficiency were found in Japanese men and women, and the characteristics of vitamin D status were clarified.
PMID: 2367346