Severe hand, foot, and mouth virus is 2.9 X more likely if poor Vitamin D receptor

Association of polymorphisms in the vitamin D receptor gene with severity of hand, foot, and mouth disease caused by enterovirus 71

Journal of Medical Virology, https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25349

Ya‐Ping Li Hui‐Ling Deng Li‐Hong Xu Mu‐Qi Wang Mei Li Xin Zhang Shuang‐Suo Dang

HFMD rarely fatal, but is increasing * Hand, Foot, and Mouth disease (virus) strongly associated with low vitamin D – May 2017 * This viral disease has been prevelant in Asia and increasing perhaps 10X in a decade Apparently started in the US around 2010 - but is not tracked (No ID code?) HFMD is associated with Low Vitamin D The more severe the HFMD, the lower the vitamin D level Children dying of HFMD have the lowest levels of vitamin D * * * Virus category listing has } items along with related searches * 46** diseases were strongly associated with Vitamin D Receptor as of Oct 2018 --- 1. Vitamin D Receptor category has the following {include} ---

Severe hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is sometimes associated with critical complications that can cause substantial child mortality. Activity of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) may influence the outcomes of enterovirus 71 (EV71) infection. This case‐control study aimed to assess the association of single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the gene encoding the VDR with the severity of EV71‐associated HFMD. We selected four VDR SNPs based on linkage disequilibrium and functional prediction, and we tested them using the SNPscan multiple SNP typing method for potential association with severity of EV71‐associated HFMD.

We found a significant association in the case of

• rs11574129 (G vs A: odds ratio (OR), 0.3439; 95% confidence intervals (CI), 0.1778‐0.6653) and

• rs739837 (T vs G: OR, 0.5580; 95%CI, 0.3352‐0.9291).

Our results suggest that these two SNPs may influence the severity of EV71‐associated HFMD.