Diabetes and Zinc - several studies
Zinc and Diabetes: A Connection between Micronutrient and Metabolism - Aug 2024
Cells 2024, 13(16), 1359; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells13161359
by Rahnuma Ahmad 1ORCID,Ronald Shaju 2ORCID, Azeddine Atfi 3 and Mohammed S. Razzaque 2,*ORCID
1 Department of Physiology, Medical College for Women and Hospital, Dhaka 1230, Bangladesh
2 Department of Medical Education, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley (UTRGV), Edinburg, TX 78541, USA
3 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
Diabetes mellitus is a global health problem and a major contributor to mortality and morbidity. The management of this condition typically involves using oral antidiabetic medication, insulin, and appropriate dietary modifications, with a focus on macronutrient intake. However, several human studies have indicated that a deficiency in micronutrients, such as zinc, can be associated with insulin resistance as well as greater glucose intolerance. Zinc serves as a chemical messenger, acts as a cofactor to increase enzyme activity, and is involved in insulin formation, release, and storage. These diverse functions make zinc an important trace element for the regulation of blood glucose levels. Adequate zinc levels have also been shown to reduce the risk of developing diabetic complications. This review article explains the role of zinc in glucose metabolism and the effects of its inadequacy on the development, progression, and complications of diabetes mellitus. Furthermore, it describes the impact of zinc supplementation on preventing diabetes mellitus. The available information suggests that zinc has beneficial effects on the management of diabetic patients. Although additional large-scale randomized clinical trials are needed to establish zinc’s clinical utility further, efforts should be made to increase awareness of its potential benefits on human health and disease.
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Effect of zinc supplementation in the management of type 2 diabetes: A grading of recommendations assessment, development, and evaluation-assessed, dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials - May 2023
Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition
https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2023.2209802 PDF behind $61 paywall
Kimia Ghaedi ORCID Icon,Dorsa Ghasempour ORCID Icon,Mohammadreza Jowshan ORCID Icon,Miaobing Zheng ORCID Icon,Saeed Ghobadi ORCID Icon & Alireza Jafari ORCID Icon
The question of whether zinc supplementation may improve cardio-metabolic health in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains controversial and require further evaluation. This study aimed to summarize the effectiveness of oral zinc supplementation in improving cardio-metabolic risk markers in people with T2DM. We searched PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science from inception to April 2023, for randomized controlled trials (RCTs). RCTs of type 2 diabetic adults (aged ≥18 years) comparing zinc supplementation with placebo were included. We excluded studies if not randomized, involved co-supplementation, and were conducted in children or pregnant women. Glycemic indices, lipid profiles, blood pressure, anthropometric measure, c-reactive protein (CRP), creatinine, and serum zinc were extracted. Certainty of evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) methods. We used a random-effect model to perform the dose-response analysis. Effect sizes were presented as mean difference (MD) and 95% confidence interval (CI). 22 studies (n = 1442 participants) were included. The certainty of the evidence was rated as moderate to high.
Zinc supplementation significantly reduced glycemic indices: including two-hour postprandial glucose (2hpp) (mean difference (MD): −34.34 mg/dl; 95%CI: −51.61∼ −17.07), fast blood sugar (FBS) (MD: −23.32 mg/dl; 95% CI: −33.81∼ −12.83), and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) (MD: −0.47; 95% CI: −0.71∼ −0.23).
Zinc had a favorable effect on lipid profiles low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (MD: −10.76 mg/dl; CI: −17.79∼−3.73), triglyceride (TG) (MD: −18.23 mg/dl; CI: −32.81∼−3.65), total cholesterol (TC) (MD: −12.74 mg/dl; CI: −21.68∼−3.80), VLDL (MD: −5.39 mg/dl; CI: −7.35∼−3.43) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (MD: 4.04 mg/dl; CI: 0.96 ∼ 7.12). Systolic blood pressure (SBP) (MD): −3.64 mmHg; 95% CI: −6.77∼ −0.52), weight (MD: 1.00 kg; 95% CI: 0.34∼1.66), CRP (MD: −3.37 mg/l, 95% CI: −4.05∼ −2.70), and serum zinc (MD: 15.38 µg/dl; 95% CI: 10.74∼ 20.02) changed to a statistically significant extent with zinc supplementation. There was also a linear association between additional 10 mg/d zinc treatment with FBS, HbA1c, HDL, LDL, TG, TC, and serum zinc. A non-linear dose-response gradient was seen for FBS, HDL, and SBP (p < 0.05). Egger’s test showed no substantial publication bias.
Our findings strongly suggest a potential beneficial effect of zinc supplementation on type 2 diabetic patients. Further high-quality research is needed to determine the optimal form, dosage, and duration of zinc supplementation for this population.
Zinc Supplementation in Individuals with Prediabetes and type 2 Diabetes: a GRADE-Assessed Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-analysis - Oct 2023
Biological Trace Element Research Volume 202, pages 2966–2990, (2024)
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-023-03895-7 PDF behind paywall
Matin Nazari, Mahlagha Nikbaf-Shandiz, Fereshteh Pashayee-Khamene, Reza Bagheri, Kian Goudarzi, Navid Vahid Hosseinnia, Sina Dolatshahi, Hossein Salehi Omran, Niusha Amirani, Damoon Ashtary-larky,
Zinc supplementation has therapeutic effects on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, including dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, and inflammation as the main contributors to CVD pathogenesis. Since CVD is a major cause of mortality among people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), this study aimed to overview the potential effects of zinc supplementation on CVD risk factors in T2DM patients. To determine appropriate randomized clinical trials (RCTs) investigating the effects of zinc supplementation on CVD risk factors, electronic sources including PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus were systematically searched until January 2023. The heterogeneity of trials was checked using the I2 statistic. According to the heterogeneity tests, random-effects models were estimated, and pooled data were defined as the weighted mean difference (WMD) with a 95% confidence interval (CI).
Of the 4004 initial records, 23 studies that met inclusion criteria were analyzed in this meta-analysis. The pooled findings indicated the significant lowering effects of zinc supplementation on triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), fasting blood glucose (FBG), hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C), and C-reactive protein (CRP), while high-density cholesterol (HDL) concentrations showed an elevation after zinc supplementation. In addition to statistical significance, the effect of zinc supplementation on most of the variables was clinically significant; however, the quality of evidence in the included studies is regarded as low or very low for most variables.
Our study demonstrated that zinc supplementation has beneficial effects on glycemic control markers, lipid profile, and CRP levels as a classic marker of inflammation in T2DM. Due to the high degree of heterogeneity between studies and the low rate of quality in them, further well-designed studies are necessitated to strengthen our findings.
The Role of Zinc Homeostasis in the Prevention of Diabetes Mellitus and Cardiovascular Diseases
Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis https://doi.org/10.5551/jat.RV17057
Yukinori Tamura
Zinc is an essential micronutrient for human health and is involved in various biological functions, such as growth, metabolism, and immune function. In recent years, research on intracellular zinc dynamics has progressed, and it has become clear that zinc transporters strictly control intracellular zinc localization, zinc regulates the functions of various proteins and signal transduction pathways as a second messenger similar to calcium ions, and intracellular zinc dyshomeostasis is associated with impaired insulin synthesis, secretion, sensitivity, lipid metabolism, and vascular function. Numerous animal and human studies have shown that zinc deficiency may be associated with the risk factors for diabetes and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and zinc administration might be beneficial for the prevention and treatment of these diseases. Therefore, an understanding of zinc biology may help the establishment of novel strategies for the prevention and treatment of diabetes and CVDs. This review will summarize the current knowledge on the role of zinc homeostasis in the pathogenesis of diabetes and atherosclerosis and will discuss the potential of zinc in the prevention of these diseases.
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Diabetes and zinc dyshomeostasis: Can zinc supplementation mitigate diabetic complications? - 2022
Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2020.1833178
Susmita Barman &Krishnapura; Srinivasan
Overview: Diabetes with and without Zinc
Diabetes with and without Zinc
Human Diabetes and Zinc studies
Proven benefits of Zinc on Diabetes
Zinc present in the islet cells of the pancreas is crucial for the synthesis, storage, and secretion of insulin. The excretion of large amounts of zinc from the body is reported in diabetic situations. Zinc depletion and increased oxidative stress have a major impact on the pathogenesis of diabetic complications. It would be most relevant to ascertain if intervention with supplemental zinc compensating for its depletion would beneficially mitigate hyperglycemia and the attendant metabolic abnormalities, and secondary complications in diabetes. An exhaustive literature search on this issue indicates:
(1) Concurrent hypozincemia and decreased tissue zinc stores in diabetes as a result of its increased urinary excretion and/or decreased intestinal absorption,
(2) Several recent experimental studies have documented that supplemental zinc has a potential hypoglycemic effect in the diabetic situation, and also beneficially modulate the attendant metabolic abnormalities and compromised antioxidant status, and
(3) Supplemental zinc also alleviates renal lesions, cataract and the risk of cardiovascular disease accompanying diabetes mellitus, and help restore gastrointestinal health in experimental diabetes.
These studies have also attempted to identify the precise mechanisms responsible for zinc-mediated beneficial effects in diabetic situation. The evidence discussed in this review highlights that supplemental zinc may significantly contribute to its clinical application in the management of diabetic hyperglycemia and related metabolic abnormalities, and in the alleviation of secondary complications resulting from diabetic oxidative stress.
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1,490,000 hits for zinc (diabetes OR pancreas) as of Nov 2024
VitaminDWiki – Overview Diabetes and vitamin D contains
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Diabetic Epidemic
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All categories associated with Diabetes
Intervention55; Pregnancy 42; Infant-Child 38; Meta-analysis 36; Obesity 32; Cardiovascular 31; Magnesium 25; Skin - Dark 24; Intervention - non daily22; Vitamin D Receptor22; Metabolic Syndrome15; Hypertension13; Kidney12; Genetics12; Omega-311; Cognitive10; Depression10; Cancer9; Autoimmune9; Deficiency9; Virus8; Loading dose8; Inflammation8; Vision7; Mortality 7; Rheumatoid Arthritis7; Middle East6; Injection6; Immunity6; Antibiotics, probiotics6; Multiple Sclerosis6; Lupus6; Stroke5; Vitamin K5; Youth 5; Vit D Binding Protein 5; Bone - Health 4; Pain - chronic 4; Thyroid and parathyroid 4; Books, videos 4; Sports 4; Fortification 4 As of Oct 2022
and Zinc cut in half the rate of prediabetes progressing to diabetes (20 mg) – RCT Oct 2017
VitaminDWiki – Zinc and Vitamin D contains:
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