Age of menopause increases if add vitamin D or UVB
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1. Women category starts with the following
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1. Web
* Menopause age slightly (3%) older if more UV at age 30 Jan 2022 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111929
* Abstract does not mention Vitamin D
* Low Levels of Vitamin D, Trace Elements Linked to Premature Ovarian Failure - 2013
* Vitamin D and Calcium May Reduce Risk of Early Menopause Evidence from Nurses’ Health Study II Sept 2017 17 references "When a woman experiences menopause before the age of 45, she is at increased risk of osteoporosis, cardiovascular issues, cognitive decline, and premature mortality."
* Menopause: Vitamin D will reduce stress and prolong fertility Dec 2019
* Russian study - initially with rats, and now women
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1. Other ways to increase menopause age
* Menopause 3 years later in women eating fatty fish (Omega-3) – April 2018
Premature menopause increases risk having multiple health problems by 3X (low vitamin D not mentioned) – Jan 2020
Age at natural menopause and development of chronic conditions and multimorbidity: results from an Australian prospective cohort
Human Reproduction, dez259, https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/dez259
Xiaolin Xu, Mark Jones, Gita D Mishra
📄 Download the PDF from VitaminDWiki
STUDY QUESTION: Is age at natural menopause (ANM) associated with the development of multiple chronic conditions (multimorbidity) in postmenopausal life?
SUMMARY ANSWER: Women with premature menopause experience increased odds of developing individual chronic conditions and multimorbidity.
WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY
ANM is considered as a marker of age-related morbidity and mortality in postmenopausal life. Multimorbidity affects more than 60% of older women and has been recognized as the most common ‘chronic condition’. Few studies have examined the association between ANM and the development of multimorbidity.
STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION
A prospective national cohort study of 11 258 Australian women, aged 45–50 years in 1996. Women were followed from 1996 to 2016.
PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS
Information about ANM and 11 chronic conditions (diabetes, hypertension, heart disease, stroke, arthritis, osteoporosis, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, depression, anxiety and breast cancer) were estimated approximately every 3 years. Multimorbidity is defined as 2 or more of these 11 conditions. Generalized estimating equations were used to link the categorical ANM with individual chronic conditions and multimorbidity.
MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE
Among 5107 women reporting ANM, 2.3% experienced premature menopause (≤40 years) and 55.1% developed multimorbidity. Compared with women who experienced menopause at age 50–51 years, women with premature menopause had twice the odds of experiencing multimorbidity by age 60 (OR = 1.98, 95% CI 1.31 to 2.98) and three times the odds of developing multimorbidity in their 60s (OR = 3.03, 95% CI 1.62 to 5.64). Women with premature menopause also experienced higher incidence of most individual chronic conditions.
LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION
The main limitation of this study was the use of self-reported data, but with repeated assessments from prospective study design and the validity of most of the chronic conditions from hospital data, the potential for non-differential misclassification is minimized.
WIDE IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS
To our knowledge, this is the first study to assess the association of premature menopause and development of multimorbidity in a larger national cohort of mid-aged women. Health professionals should consider comprehensive screening and assessment of risk factors for multimorbidity when treating women who experienced premature menopause.
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