Blood 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration and hypertension: a meta-analysis.
J Hypertens. 2010 Dec 28.
Burgaz A, Orsini N, Larsson SC, Wolk A.
Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institiute, Stockholm, Sweden.
OBJECTIVES: Increasing evidence indicates that vitamin D may influence the risk of hypertension, which is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. We conducted a meta-analysis to quantitatively review and summarize the results on the association between blood 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations and hypertension.
METHODS: Relevant studies were identified by a search of PubMed and EMBASE databases until November 2010. We also reviewed the references of retrieved articles. We included prospective and cross-sectional studies with blood 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations as the exposure and hypertension as the outcome. Studies had to report results as a relative risk or an odds ratio. We used random-effects model.
RESULTS: Of the 18 studies included in the meta-analysis, 4 were prospective studies and 14 were cross-sectional studies. The pooled odds ratio of hypertension was 0.73 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.63-0.84 for the highest versus the lowest category of blood 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration. In a dose-response meta-analysis, the odds ratio for a 40 nmol/l (16 ng/ml) (approximately 2 SDs) increment in blood 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration was 0.84 (95% CI 0.78-0.90).
CONCLUSION: Findings from this meta-analysis indicate that blood 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration is inversely associated with hypertension. PMID: 21191311
- - - - -