Vitamin D Status and Quality of Life in Healthy Male High-Tech Employees
Nutrients 2016, 8(6), 366; doi:10.3390/nu8060366 Published: 15 June 2016
Sigal Tepper h sigalt@bgu.ac.il, Yael Dabush , Danit R. Shahar , Ronit Endevelt, Diklah Geva 1 and Sofia Ish-Shalom
The S. Daniel Abraham International Center for Health and Disease, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel; dshahar@bgu.ac.il (D.R.S.); diklah.geva@gmail.com (D.G.)
Department of Clinical Nutrition, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa 31093, Israel; yaelidabush@gmail.com
School of Public Health, Haifa University, Mt. Carmel, Haifa 31905, Israel; ronit.endevelt@moh.gov.il
Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Elisha Medical Center, Haifa 3463626, Israel; sishshalom@gmail.com
Table 2 (nanograms/mL)
| <12 | 12–20 | >20 | |
| Self-rated health excellent, very good, good | 87% | 89% | 96% |
| Self-rated health fair, poor | 13% | 11% | 4% |
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- pain score, sleep latency, sleep duration, bodily pain, general health, vitality, and social functioning
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While low vitamin D status has been shown to be associated with decreased quality
of life in unhealthy populations and women, only limited data are available regarding healthy
adult men. Our aim was to evaluate the associations between health-related quality of life (QoL)
and vitamin D status in adult men. High-tech employees aged 25–65 year were recruited from
an occupational periodic examination clinic at Rambam Health Campus. QoL was assessed using
the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Health-related quality of life questionnaire
(HRQOL-4). Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and Body Mass Index (BMI) were measured;
further information was collected about physical activity, education, sun exposure, sick-days, and
musculoskeletal pain severity (visual analog scale). Three hundred and fifty-eight men were
enrolled in the study; mean serum 25(OH)D level was 22.1 ˘ 7.9 ng/mL (range 4.6–54.5 ng/mL).
In a multivariate logistic regression model, 25(OH)D was a significant independent determinant
of self-rated health; Odds Ratio (OR) for self-rated health was 0.91 (95% confidence interval (CI)
0.85–0.97, p = 0.004), adjusted for age, BMI, pain severity, physical activity, and sun exposure.
Every 1 ng/mL increase of 25(OH)D was associated with 9% reduction in the odds of reporting
self-rated health as fair or poor. Poisson regression model demonstrated an association between
physically unhealthy days and 25(OH)D levels (rate ratio 0.95, p < 0.001). In conclusion, serum levels
of 25(OH)D were associated with self-rated health and with physically unhealthy days of HRQOL
in healthy high-tech male workers. Future intervention studies are required to test the impact of
vitamin D supplementation on QoL.