Table of contents
The Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation and 25-hydroxyvitamin D Levels on The Risk of MI and Mortality
Prakash Acharya M.D.*, Tarun Dalia M.D.*, Sagar Ranka M.D.*, Prince Sethi M.D.*, Olurinde A. Oni M.B.B.S., M.P.H.j, Maya S. Safarova M.D., PhD, * Deepak Parashara M.D. *tî, Kamal Gupta M.D. *, Rajat S. Barua M.D., Ph.D rajat.barua@va. gov|J
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Cente City, KS
Objective: Aim of the study was to examine the effects of the vitamin D (Vit-D) treatment and non-treatment on Vit-D-deficient patients without a prior history of myocardial infarction (MI).
Materials and Methods: This is an retrospective, observational, nested case-control study of patients (N=20,025) with low 25-hydroxyvitamin D [(25-OH)D] levels (<20 ng/ml) who received care at the Veterans Health Administration from 1999-2018. Patients were divided into three groups: Group A (untreated, levels <20 ng/ml), Group B (treated, levels 21-29 ng/ml), and Group C (treated, levels >30 ng/ml). The risk of MI and all-cause-mortality were compared utilizing propensity score-weighted cox-proportional hazard models.
Results. Among the cohort of 20,025 patients, the risk of MI was significantly lower in Group C, compared to Group B [hazard ratio (HR) 0.65, 95% CI; 0.49-0.85, P=.002] and Group A (HR 0.73, 95% CI; 0.55-0.96), P=.02). There was no difference in the risk of MI between Group B and Group A (HR 1.14, 95% CI; 0.91-1.42, P=.24]. Compared to Group A, both Group B (HR 0.59, 95% CI; 0.54-0.63, P<.001] and Group C (HR 0.61, 95% CI; 0.56-0.67, P<.001] had significantly lower all-cause-mortality. There was no difference in all-cause- mortality between Group B and Group C (HR 0.99, 95% CI; 0.89-1.09, P=.78).
Conclusions. In patients with Vit-D-deficiency and no prior history of MI, treatment to the (25-OH)D level of >20 ng/ml and >30 ng/ml was associated with a significantly lower risk of all-cause-mortality. The lower risk of MI was observed only in individuals maintaining the (25-OH)D levels >30 ng/ml.
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Description of the study at MedPage Today Interview of the lead author Video of study by Dr. Campbell Oct 2021
VitaminDWiki
- Heart Failure and Vitamin D meta-analyses - many studies
- Cardiovascular Disease is treated by Vitamin D - many studies
- Giving free vitamin D to every Iranian would pay for itself by just reducing CVD – Oct 2021
During the 19 year study period it was thought that rasing vitamin D levels to 30 ng was enough
Suspect that >50 ng would be much better
- Is 50 ng of vitamin D too high, just right, or not enough
- All items in category Optimum Vitamin D
99 items Suspect Magnesium and/or Omega-3 would also reduce cardiovascular deaths even more
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16 articles are in both Cardiovascular and Magnesium categories 34 articles are in both Cardiovascular and Omega-3 categories
Cardiovascular category
534 items In Cardiovascular category Cardiovascular category is associated with other categories: Diabetes 31, Omega-3 31 , Vitamin K 25 , Intervention 22 . Mortality 20 , Skin - Dark 18 , Magnesium 17 , Calcium 14 , Hypertension 14 , Trauma and surgery 13 , Stroke 13 , Kidney 12 , Metabolic Syndrome 11 , Seniors 10 , Pregnancy 8 as of Aug 2022
- Overview Cardiovascular and vitamin D
- Cardiovascular Disease is treated by Vitamin D - many studies 39+ meta-analyses
- Coronary Artery Disease and Vitamin D - many studies 18+
- Cardiovascular problems reduced by Omega-3 - many studies 34+
- Arteries and Atherosclerosis and Vitamin D - many studies 71+
- Atrial Fibrillation decreased by Vitamin D or Magnesium - many studies 26+
- Statins and Vitamin D - many studies 25+
- Arterial Stiffness and Vitamins – only Vitamin D was found to help – meta-analysis Feb 2022
- Those raising Vitamin D above 30 ng were 1.4 X less likely to die of Heart Attack (VA 19 years) – Oct 2021
- Giving free vitamin D to every Iranian would pay for itself by just reducing CVD – Oct 2021
- Sudden Cardiac Arrest – 2.8 X higher risk if low vitamin D – 2019
- Peripheral arterial disease risk is 1.5X higher if low vitamin D – meta-analysis March 2018
- Heart attack ICU costs cut in half by Vitamin D – Oct 2018
- Cardiovascular disease 2.3 X more-likely if poor Vitamin D Receptor – Aug 2022
Items in both categories Cardiovascular and Mortality
- 5X lower Cardiovascular death rate in regions consuming more fish and vegetables, (and lower obesity) – Dec 2023
- Sudden Cardiac Arrest 10.8 X more likely if severe vitamin D deficiency – May 2024
- Fewer deaths (All-cause, Cardiovascular, Cancer) when Vitamin D levels are above 36 ng – April 2024
- Risk of Cardiovascular death decreased 5X (lowest to highest Vitamin D level)- Feb 2024
- Low Vitamin D associated with CHD, stroke, death, etc, (Mendelian analhysis) - Dec 2021
- Death rates of Cardiovascular patients keep decreasing until 90 nmol of Vitamin D - May 2023
- Less likely to die of various causes if higher Vitamin D (data from 300,000 people) – Oct 2022
- Metabolic Syndrome with low vitamin D increases CVD mortality by 1.7 X – July 2022
- 1.7 X less risk of Heart Failure death if previously had taken any amount of vitamin D - Jan 2022
- 1.7 X less risk of Heart Failure death if previously had taken any amount of vitamin D - Jan 2022
- Those raising Vitamin D above 30 ng were 1.4 X less likely to die of Heart Attack (VA 19 years) – Oct 2021
- Omega-3 reduced cardiovascular deaths by 16 percent (427,678 people) – March 2020
- Cardiovascular death 1.5X more likely if less than 20 ng of Vitamin D – 22nd meta-analysis Nov 2019
- Mortality associated with Vitamin K insufficiency (PREVEND Study) – Nov 2017
- Cardiovascular deaths 12 percent less likely if have 10 ng more vitamin D – meta-analysis March 2017
- 7X increased chance of death if coronary artery disease and low vitamin D – Oct 2013
- Fewer heart attacks, hip fractures and deaths if more skin cancer – Sept 2013
- Vitamin D protects against many types of health problems – review May 2013
- Almost 6X more likely to die after coronary bypass if vitamin D deficient – Dec 2012
- Predicted cardiac surgery death associated with low vitamin D levels – Dec 2012
- 3 X increased chance of death if have asthma – study of 200,000 people over 10 years – Nov 2012
- Low levels of vitamin D associated with all cause mortality – Oct 2012
- Death in less than 2 years of Heart Failure associated with low vitamin D - April 2012
- Heart Failure early death 2X more likely if less than 20 nanograms of vitamin D – June 2012
- Chance of death after heart failure reduced by 1000 IU of vitamin D – Feb 2012
- Heart patients 10 percent more likely to die for every 4 ng less vitamin D – May 2011
- Did not find association between vitamin D and cardiovascular mortality – Sept 2010
- Table of outcomes for seniors vs vitamin D level
VA found less testing for vitamin D resulted in increased health costs – Jan 2012
Veterans and Vitamin D - many studies
Perhaps 4,000 dollars annual less health care costs if supplement with 5 dollars of Vitamin D
- Chart of VA hospital data of current study compared with German hospital data published in 2017
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