Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 2012 Mar;16(2):164-76. doi: 10.4103/2230-8210.93732.
Sahay M, Sahay R.
Department of Nephrology, Osmania Medical College and General Hospital, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Rickets is an important problem even in countries with adequate sun exposure. The causes of rickets/osteomalacia are varied and include nutritional deficiency, especially poor dietary intake of vitamin D and calcium. Non-nutritional causes include hypophosphatemic rickets primarily due to renal phosphate losses and rickets due to renal tubular acidosis. In addition, some varieties are due to inherited defects in vitamin D metabolism and are called vitamin D dependent rickets. This chapter highlights rickets/osteomalacia related to vitamin D deficiency or to inherited defects in vitamin D metabolism. Hypophosphatemic rickets and rickets due to renal tubular acidosis are discussed in other sections of the journal.
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