Rare Nutritional Rickets increased 10X in 20 years – Feb 2013

Increasing incidence of nutritional rickets: a population-based study in olmsted county, Minnesota.

Mayo Clin Proc. 2013 Feb;88(2):176-83. doi: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2012.10.018.
Thacher TD, Fischer PR, Tebben PJ, Singh RJ, Cha SS, Maxson JA, Yawn BP.
Department of Family Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN. Electronic address: thacher.thomas@mayo.edu.

OBJECTIVE: To determine temporal trends in incidence and risk factors of nutritional rickets in a community-based population.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: Rochester Epidemiology Project data were used to identify all children (aged <18 years) residing in Olmsted County, Minnesota, between January 1, 1970, and December 31, 2009, with diagnostic codes corresponding to rickets, vitamin D deficiency, hypovitaminosis D, rachitis, osteomalacia, genu varum, genu valgum, craniotabes, hypocalcemia, hypocalcemic seizure, and tetany. Record abstraction was performed to select individuals with radiographic confirmation of rickets. Age- and sex-matched controls were identified for the evaluation of risk factors. The main outcome measure was radiographic evidence of rickets without identifiable inherited, genetic, or nonnutritional causes. Incidence rates were calculated using Rochester Epidemiology Project census data.

RESULTS: Of 768 children with eligible diagnostic codes, 23 had radiographic evidence of rickets; of these, 17 children had nutritional rickets. All 17 children were younger than 3 years, and 13 (76%) were of nonwhite race/ethnicity. Clinical presentation included poor growth (n=12), leg deformity (n=8), motor delay (n=5), leg pain (n=3), weakness (n=3), and hypocalcemia or tetany (n=2). The incidence of nutritional rickets in children younger than 3 years was 0, 2.2, 3.7, and 24.1 per 100,000 for the decades beginning in 1970, 1980, 1990, and 2000, respectively (P=.003 for incidence trend). Nutritional rickets was associated with black race, breast-feeding, low birth weight, and stunted growth (P<.05 for all). Four of 13 patients (31%) who underwent 25-hydroxyvitamin D testing had values less than 10 ng/mL.

CONCLUSION: Nutritional rickets remains rare, but its incidence has dramatically increased since 2000. Not all cases of rickets can be attributed to vitamin D deficiency.

PMID: 23374621

It appears that Nutritional Rickets is associated with some combination of low Calcium, Phosphorus, as well as low vitamin D

Rare Nutritional Rickets increased 10X in 20 years – Feb 2013

Increasing incidence of nutritional rickets: a population-based study in olmsted county, Minnesota.

See also VitaminDWiki

See also web