Low Grip Strength is a Strong Risk Factor of Osteoporosis in Postmenopausal Women.
Orthop Surg. 2018 Feb 12. doi: 10.1111/os.12360. [Epub ahead of print]
Li YZ1, Zhuang HF1, Cai SQ2, Lin CK1, Wang PW1, Yan LS2, Lin JK1, Yu HM1.
1 Department of Orthopaedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China.
2 Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China.
- Handgrip strength dropped by 20 percent in the last generation (perhaps due to lower vitamin D) - Feb 2017
- Weaker hand grip if poor Vitamin D Receptor (15 percent) – Nov 2016
- Muscle strength of senior women increased 25 percent with vitamin D, decreased 6 percent with placebo – Oct 2016
- Vitamin D supplementation improves muscle strength in healthy adults – meta-analysis of 6 RCT Aug 2014
- Frailty 9X more likely if low vitamin D – Nov 2015
- Poor handgrip strength in 5-year-old girls 3X more likely if low vitamin D – May 2018
- Diseases that may be related via low vitamin D
Over 100 associations as of Feb 2018
OBJECTIVE:
To investigate the effect of grip strength on bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women. Low BMD is related to risk of fracture and falling is the strongest factor for fragility fractures. Handgrip strength is a reliable indicator of muscle strength and muscle strength is associated with falling.
METHODS:
For the present study 120 women were divided into two groups: those ≤65 years and those >65 years. Serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD), BMD, and handgrip strength were measured to observe the effect of age on 25OHD, grip strength, and BMD, as well as the effect of 25OHD on grip strength and BMD. The correlation between grip strength and BMD was investigated.
RESULTS:
In the 120 patients, 25OHD was 24.31 ± 8.29 ng/mL. There were 37 cases with 25OHD <20 ng/mL and 83 cases with 25 OHD ≥20 ng/mL. The patients with 25OHD <20 ng/mL had significantly lower femoral neck BMD, most of them with a T score ≤-2.5 (P < 0.05). BMD measurement showed 66 patients with femoral neck T ≤-2.5, 30 cases with total hip T ≤-2.5 and 90 cases with lumbar BMD T ≤-2.5. The maximum grip strength in the group is 22.28 ± 6.17 kg. There were 38 cases with the maximum grip strength <20 kg and 82 cases with the maximum grip strength ≥20 kg. Patients >65 years had lower 25OHD, lower maximum grip strength, and lower BMD. The osteoporosis risk in postmenopausal women with a maximum grip strength <20 kg and who were >65 years was significantly elevated.
CONCLUSION:
Handgrip strength and 25OHD decrease with aging in postmenopausal women. The patients with lower 25OHD level had significantly lower BMD of femoral neck. The patients with lower handgrip strength had significantly lower BMD of lumbar spine, femoral neck, and total hip. Grip strength measurement is the simplest muscle strength measurement method. Our study confirmed that low grip strength was correlated with low BMD and was a strong risk factor for osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.
PMID: 29430846 DOI: 10.1111/os.12360