Omega-3 might manage T2 Diabetes – March 2018

The role of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus: A narrative review

Journal of Nutrition & Intermediary Metabolism, online 12 March 2018, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnim.2018.02.002
C. Itsiopoulosa, , 1, , W. Marxa, 1, H.L. Mayra, O.A. Tatucu-Babeta, S.R. Dashb, E.S. Georgea, c, G.L. Trakmana, J.T. Kellyd, C.J. Thomase, L. Brazionisf, g

VitaminDWiki

Overview Diabetes and vitamin D contains the following summary

  • Diabetes is 5X more frequent far from the equator
  • Children getting 2,000 IU of vitamin D are 8X less likely to get Type 1 diabetes
  • Obese people get less sun / Vitamin D - and also vitamin D gets lost in fat
  • Sedentary people get less sun / Vitamin D
  • Worldwide Diabetes increase has been concurrent with vitamin D decrease and air conditioning
  • Elderly get 4X less vitamin D from the same amount of sun
        Elderly also spend less time outdoors and have more clothes on
  • All items in category Diabetes and Vitamin D 536 items: both Type 1 and Type 2

Vitamin D appears to both prevent and treat diabetes

Number of articles in both categories of Diabetes and:
'This list is automatically updated''

  • Dark Skin 24;   Intervention 56;   Meta-analysis 38;   Obesity 35;  Pregnancy 44;   T1 (child) 39;  Omega-3 11;  Vitamin D Receptor 24;  Genetics 12;  Magnesium 27    Click here to see details

Some Diabetes studies

50 ng of Vitamin D fights Diabetes

T1 Diabetes

Pre-Diabetes

Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Magnesium - many studies


Diabetes category starts with the following

536 items In Diabetes category   33+ Prediabetes studies   64+ Type 1 Diabetes studies

see also Overview Diabetes and vitamin D  Overview Metabolic Syndrome and vitamin D

Autoimmune category listing has 196 items along with related searches

Reasons why Omega-3 may not always help focuses on Alzheimer's, but many apply to Diabetes

  1. Quality of the Omega-3
       contaminants as well as the source - fish liver, salmon brain, krill, and plant
  2. Dose size used (200 mg is unlikely to be as good as 2000 mg)
  3. Larger dose size needed for a heavier person
       Omega-3 index would determine that
  4. Larger dose size needed if much of the Omega-3 is fighting other inflammation
       Omega-3 index would determine that
  5. The Omega-6 in the body can block the benefits of Omega-3
       Omega-3 index would determine that
  6. Genes - Alzheimers APoE4 gene limits DHA
       additional genes may limit Omega-3, Magnesium, and Vitamin D
  7. Fraction of Omega-3 EPA and DHA
  8. The Omega-3 Index is a proven measure of Omega-3 for the blood - but is rarely used in trials
       Suspect that Omega-3 benefit is only seen in those who were previously deficient
       Wonder if the Omega-3 index is a good proxy measure for Omega-3 in the brain
  9. Omega-3 might be less bio-available in those with poor guts/gallbladder surgery
       Omega-3 index would determine that
  10. Omega-3 might not help all three forms of Alzheimer's
    See book End of Alzheimer's - Bredesen

 Download the accepted manuscript from VitaminDWiki

Highlights

  • T2DM is a significant health burden with multiple associated comorbidities.
  • There are limited clinical data supporting omega-3 PUFA supplement use in T2DM.
  • There is consistent evidence for omega-3 PUFA in reducing elevated triglycerides.
  • Issues with omega-3 PUFA supplement use include safety, dose, and contraindications.

Background
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) poses a significant health and financial burden to individuals and healthcare systems. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) possess numerous properties (e.g. anti-inflammatory, anti-thrombotic, anti-lipidemic) that may be beneficial in the management of T2DM and its complications.

Methods
In this narrative review, we discuss the potential mechanisms, clinical evidence-base, and practical considerations regarding the use of omega-3 PUFA supplementation for the management of glycaemic control and common comorbid conditions, including diabetic nephropathy and retinopathy, liver disease, cognition and mental health, and cardiometabolic disease.

Results/conclusion
Omega-3 PUFA supplementation is generally well-tolerated and does not appear to be contraindicated for patients on anticoagulant therapy; however, uncertainty persists regarding the purity and stability of commercial omega-3 PUFA products. Despite promising animal studies, the current clinical evidence for the use of omega-3 supplementation for the management of T2DM and associated conditions is both limited and conflicting. Results from existing clinical trials do not support the use of omega-3 PUFA for glycaemic control and there are limited studies in T2DM populations to support the use of omega-3 PUFAs for associated complications of diabetes. Possible contributors to the conflicting evidence base are study design issues, such as inadequate intervention period, sample size, omega 3 supplement dose, variations in the EPA to DHA ratio and clinical heterogeneity among diabetic populations.

Abbreviations
PUFA, Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid; HDL, High Density Lipoprotein; LDL, Low Density Lipoprotein; ALA, Alpha-linolenic Acid; EPA, Eicosapentaenoic Acid; DHA, Docosahexaenoic acid; DPA, Docosapentaenoic acid; T2DM, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus; RCT, Randomized Controlled Trial; HbA1c, Glycated haemoglobin; VLDL, Very Low-Density Lipoprotein; CVD, Cardiovascular Disease; TG, Triglycerides; ALT, Alanine transaminase; AST, Aspartate transaminase; GGT, Gamma-glutamyltransferase; CKD, Chronic Kidney Disease; UPE, Urine Protein Excretion

4557 visitors, last modified 18 Mar, 2018,
Printer Friendly Follow this page for updates