Abstract WP255: Omega-3 Fatty Acids as a Treatment for Experimental Ischaemic Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Stroke. 2018;49:AWP255, INTERNATIONAL STROKE CONFERENCE POSTER ABSTRACTS
SESSION TITLE: EXPERIMENTAL MECHANISMS AND MODELS POSTERS I
Lily Fulton, Sarah McCann, Malcolm Macleod, Mary J MacLeod, Frank Thies
From: 15 Ischemic Stroke studies of animals using Omega-3
48% smaller infarct volume
61% less mortality
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- Omega-3 reduces heart problems by ~5 percent – meta-analysis by Heart Association Oct 2019
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- Another Nail in the Coffin for Fish Oil Supplements (nope) – JAMA April 2018
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- 3 days of Omega-3 before cardiac surgery reduced risk of post-op bleeding by half – RCT March 2018
- Perhaps the Omega-3 optimal level is 10 percent, not 8 – Feb 2018
- Omega-3 Cardiovascular meta-analysis has at least 5 major problems – Jan 2018
- Benefits of Omega-3 beyond heart health - LEF Feb 2018
- Higher Omega-3 index (4 to 8 percent) associated with 30 percent less risk of coronary disease (10 studies) July 2017
- Cardiovascular problems reduced by low dose aspirin and perhaps Omega-3 (also Vit K) – Sept 2017
- Omega-3 reduced time in hospital and atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery – meta-analysis May 2016
- For every Omega-3 dollar there is a 84 dollar savings in Cardiovascular costs - Foster and Sullivan April 2016
- High dose Omega-3 probably reduces heart problems – American Heart Association – March 2017
- Health problems prevented by eating nuts (perhaps due to Magnesium and or Omega-3) – meta-analysis Dec 2016
- Omega-3 – need more than 1 gram for a short time to reduce Cardiovascular Disease – Nov 2016
- Omega-3 is vital for health, mail-in test is low cost and accurate
- Cardiovascular calcification prevented by Omega-3, Magnesium, Vitamin K, and Vitamin D – April 2015
- Atrial fibrillation sometimes treated by Omega-3 – meta-analysis Sept 2015
- Salmon intervention (vitamin D and Omega-3) improved heart rate variability and reduced anxiety – Nov 2014
- Omega-7 - in addition to Omega-3
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- Cardiovascular diseases – conflicting data on benefits of Omega-3 and vitamin D – Feb 2014
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- Omega-3 does not help heart patients – meta-analysis Sept 2012
Introduction: The number of stroke patients arriving at hospital within a therapeutic timeframe is increasing, enabling earlier and more successful intervention with thrombolysis and thrombectomy. Despite promising animal data, no neuroprotectants have translated into clinical practice. Brain tissue contains a high amount of polyunsaturated fatty acids, particularly docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), an omega-3 fatty acid essential for normal brain growth and cognitive function. As DHA plays a critical role in neuronal survival and synaptic function, and is also a potent modulator of brain inflammation, it is a strong candidate for a successful neuroprotectant in stroke.Aims: We therefore aimed to summarise the current evidence for omega-3 fatty acids as a treatment for experimental acute ischaemic stroke.
Methods: A systematic literature review of papers reporting omega-3 administration in animal models of acute stroke was conducted using the CAMARADES systematic review facility (SyRF). 1173 titles were screened, 168 abstracts reviewed and data extracted from 15 studies. Data were extracted manually, and collated, organised and analysed within CAMARADES. Measures of study quality were recorded, reflecting current STAIR recommendations for pre-clinical studies. Pre-defined endpoints extracted included mortality, infarct volume and neurobehavioural score.
Results: DHA reduced infarct volume with an effect size of 48.5%, (95% CI 32.2 - 65.5) compared to control treatments. Neurobehavioural score was improved by 34.8%,( 95% CI 21.8 - 47.7) in DHA treated animals. There was a decrease in mortality of 61% for DHA treated animals (OR 0.39, 95% CI 0.21-0.77(12 studies, no heterogeneity)). All studies used male animals, and no studies co-administered alteplase. Composition of omega-3 preparations was a source of significant heterogeneity (P<0.05). Post hoc analysis showed laboratory group was also a significant source of heterogeneity.
Conclusions: Current evidence suggests that DHA administration significantly improves outcome and decreases mortality in animal models of acute ischaemic stroke, providing support for further translational studies.
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