Stabilization of Vitamin D in Pea Protein Isolate Nanoemulsions Increases Its Bioefficacy in Rats
Nutrients 2019, 11(1), 75; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11010075 (registering DOI)
Ali M. Almajwal 1,* , Mahmoud M. A. Abulmeaty 1,2, Hao Feng 3, Nawaf W. Alruwaili 3, Astrid Dominguez-Uscanga 3, Juan E. Andrade 3,*, Suhail Razak 1 and Mohamed F. ElSadek 1
1 Dept of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia
2 Dept of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
3 Dept of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61801, USA
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Food Fortification: Traditional and New Strategies to Combat Micronutrient Deficiencies)
- This is one of many studies on non-emulsion of vitamin D, etc.
- They started with Vitamin D deficient rats
- They gave a high dose every 2nd day for just one week
- Equvalent of 350,000 IU daily for human ( which is a toxic dose if given for > 10 days )
- 1620 IU daily for 1/3 kg rat. but human weighs 240X more
- Huge increase in levels in blood vs virtually no increase for rats getting just Vitamin D
- Also, big decrease in bone problems vs controls, again in just one week
Clipped from PDF
- "The increase in serum 25(OH)VitD was 2.3 times higher than its control (Nano-control) after one-week of treatment, potentially due to increased protection of the vitamin during digestion and enhancement of oral bioavailability due to improved micellarization of VitD in the small intestine "
- "The group receiving Oil-VitD did not improve 25(OH)VitD status. This could be due to lower absorption"
- "Oral supplementation of VitD dispersed in nanoparticles in water increases circulating levels within three days "
See also VitaminDWiki
- Nanoemulsion Vitamin D is faster and better - many studies
- Nanoemulsion Vitamin D may be a substantially better form
- many studies, suppliers, books
- Vitamin D Emulsions - nano 2X better than coarse – Dec 2017
- Inhaled vitamin D help lungs - many studies
- Founder of VitaminDWiki has been testing inhaled emulsions since Jan 2017
- Example: Jan 2019 - inhale nanoemulstion vitamin D for 10 minutes then measure Vitamin D changes a few hours later
- Advances in Vitamin D emulsions, nanoparticles, etc. – Jan 2019
- Inhaled nanoemulsion of Vitamin D killed lung bacteria – Sept 2017
- Nanoemulsions of vitamin D help reduce asthma markers in mice– Dec 2013
 Download the PDF from VitaminDWiki
Table 2. Concentration of several blood biomarkers of VitD deficiency in rats after one week of dietary treatments.
GROUP | What it means Typically for week 6 |
Control | Rats fed Vitamin D from birth |
Nano-control | Nano, without Vit D |
Oil-control | Oil, without Vit D |
Nano-VitD | Nano + Vitamin D |
Oil-VitD | Oil + Vitamin D |
Daily nanoemulsion improved bone measureents in just 1 week!!
Table 3. Histomorphometric parameters among study groups.
.Note: Improved bone in growing rats does not imply improved bone in elderly humans (osteoporosis)
Abstract
Micronutrient delivery formulations based on nanoemulsions can enhance the absorption of nutrients and bioactives, and thus, are of great potential for food fortification and supplementation strategies. The aim was to evaluate the bioefficacy of vitamin D (VitD) encapsulated in nanoemulsions developed by sonication and pH-shifting of pea protein isolate (PPI) in restoring VitD status in VitD-deficient rats. Weaned male albino rats (n = 35) were fed either normal diet AIN-93G (VitD 1000 IU/kg) (control group; n = 7) or a VitD-deficient diet (<50 IU/kg) for six weeks (VitD-deficient group; n = 28). VitD-deficient rats were divided into four subgroups (n = 7/group). Nano-VitD and Oil-VitD groups received a dose of VitD (81 µg) dispersed in either PPI-nanoemulsions or in canola oil, respectively, every other day for one week. Their control groups, Nano-control and Oil-control, received the respective delivery vehicles without VitD. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)VitD], parathyroid hormone (PTH), Ca, P, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity were measured. After one week of treatment, the VitD-deficient rats consuming Nano-VitD recovered from Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) as compared against baseline and had serum 25(OH)VitD higher than the Nano-control. Enhancement in VitD status was followed with expected changes in serum PTH, Ca, P, and ALP levels, as compared against the controls. Stabilization of VitD within PPI-based nanoemulsions enhances its absorption and restores its status and biomarkers of bone resorption in VitD-deficient rats.
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