Ergocalciferol from Mushrooms or Supplements Consumed with a Standard Meal Increases 25-Hydroxyergocalciferol but Decreases 25-Hydroxycholecalciferol in the Serum of Healthy Adults1,2,3
J. Nutr. July 1, 2012 jn.112.159764
Charles B. Stephensen 4,5, charles.stephensen at ars.usda.gov , Melissa Zerofsky 4,5, Dustin J. Burnett 4,5, Yan-ping Lin 6, Bruce D. Hammock 6, Laura M. Hall 7, and Tara McHugh 8
4 USDA-Agricultural Research Service Western Human Nutrition Research Center
5 Nutrition Department, and
6 Department of Entomology, University of California, Davis, CA
7 Food Science and Nutrition Department, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA; and
8 USDA-Agricultural Research Service Western Regional Research Center, Processed Foods Research Unit, Albany, CA
Few foods contain ergocalciferol or cholecalciferol. Treatment of mushrooms with UV light increases ergocalciferol content and could provide a dietary source of vitamin D. We evaluated the impact of consuming UV-treated white button mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus) on the vitamin D status of healthy adults. Thirty-eight volunteers were randomized to 4 treatments consumed with a standard meal for 6 wk: the control (C) group received untreated mushrooms providing 0.85 ?g/d ergocalciferol (n = 10); groups M1 and M2 received UV-treated mushrooms providing 8.8 (n = 10) and 17.1 ?g/d (n = 9), respectively; and the supplement (S) group received purified ergocalciferol plus untreated mushrooms, providing a total of 28.2 ?g/d (n = 9). Serum total 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and 25-hydroxyergocalciferol [25(OH)D2] were 83 ± 38 and 2.4 ± 2.0 nmol/L, respectively, at baseline (mean ± SD). At wk 6, 25(OH)D2 had increased and was higher in all treatment groups than in the C group, whereas 25-hydroxycholecalciferol [25(OH)D3] had decreased and was lower in the M2 and S groups than in the C group. Increases in 25(OH)D2 for groups C, M1, M2, and S were 1.2 ± 5.2, 13.8 ± 7.3, 12.7 ± 3.7, and 32.8 ± 3.3 nmol/L and
decreases in 25(OH)D3 were
- ?3.9 ± 16.3,
- ?10.4 ± 6.4,
- ?20.6 ± 14.6, and
- ?29.5 ± 15.9 nmol/L, respectively.
Concentrations did not change in group C. In summary, ergocalciferol was absorbed and metabolized to 25(OH)D2 but did not affect vitamin D status, because 25(OH)D3 decreased proportionally.
Received: Feb 14, 2012; Initial review completed: Feb 23, 2012; Revision accepted: April 10, 2012.
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1128 IU of vitamin D2 DECREASED Vitamin D3 serum level by 11.8 ng/ml