Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Vitamin D Receptor Gene Affect Birth Weight and the Risk of Preterm Birth: Results From the “Mamma & Bambino” Cohort and A Meta-Analysis
Nutrients 2018, 10(9), 1172; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10091172
Martina Barchitta 1OrcID, Andrea Maugeri 1OrcID, Maria Clara La Rosa 1, Roberta Magnano San Lio 1, Giuliana Favara 1, Marco Panella 2, Antonio Cianci 2 and Antonella Agodi 1,* OrcID
1 Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “GF Ingrassia”, University of Catania, via S. Sofia, 87, 95123 Catania, Italy
2 Department of General Surgery and Medical Surgical Specialties, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia, 78, 95123 Catania, Italy
- (This article belongs to the Special Issue Micronutrients Intake and Status during Pregnancy and Lactation)
Use of Iodine-Containing Dietary Supplements Remains Low among Women of Reproductive Age in the United States: NHANES 2011–2014
– only 18% had used any Iodine-containing supplement https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10040422
- Many previous preterm birth studies have found that increasing Vitamin D resulted in decreased preterm births
- Many other studies have also found that poor Vitamin D Receptors were associated with a large increases in Vitamin D-associated health problems
- A poor Vitamin D Receptor restricts how much vitamin D actually gets to the cells
- The risk of 44 diseases at least double with poor Vitamin D Receptor as of Oct 2019
PRETERM or PREEMIE was in the title of 199 VitaminDWiki pages as of Feb 2022
Unfortunately this study did not report on other features associated with preterm birth
Vitamin D levels
Iodine levels
Omega-3 levels
Non-white mothers
Download the PDF from VitaminDWiki
The effect of vitamin D receptor gene (VDR) polymorphisms on adverse pregnancy outcomes—including preterm birth (PTB), low birth weight and small for gestational age—is currently under debate. We investigated 187 mother-child pairs from the Italian “Mamma & Bambino” cohort to evaluate the association of maternal VDR polymorphisms—BsmI, ApaI, FokI and TaqI—with neonatal anthropometric measures and the risk of PTB. To corroborate our results, we conducted a meta-analysis of observational studies. For the FokI polymorphism, we showed that gestational duration and birth weight decreased with increasing number of A allele (p = 0.040 and p = 0.010, respectively).
Compared to the GG and GA genotypes, mothers who carried the AA genotype exhibited higher PTB risk (OR = 12.049; 95% CI = 2.606–55.709; p = 0.001) after adjusting for covariates. The meta-analysis confirmed this association under the recessive model (OR = 3.67, 95%CI 1.18–11.43), and also pointed out the protective effect of BsmI polymorphism against the risk of PTB under the allelic (A vs. G: OR = 0.74; 95%CI 0.59–0.93) and recessive (AA vs. GG + AG: OR = 0.62; 95%CI 0.43–0.89) models. Our results suggest the association between some maternal VDR polymorphisms with neonatal anthropometric measures and the risk of PTB.