Exposure to vitamin D from fortified margarine during fetal life and later risk of pre-eclampsia: the D-tect Study.
Public Health Nutr. 2017 Dec 20:1-11. doi: 10.1017/S1368980017003135. [Epub ahead of print]
Stougaard M1, Damm P2, Frederiksen P1, Jacobsen R1, Heitmann BL1.
- 1 Research Unit for Dietary Studies at Parker Institute and Department of Clinical Epidemiology,Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital,Nordre Fasanvej 57,Hovedvejen,Entranc 5,2000 Frederiksberg,Denmark.
- 2 Department of Obstetrics,Rigshospitalet,Copenhagen,Denmark.
Change of Vitamin D Fortification in Denmark
- 60 percent more life births after infertility diagnosis if Vitamin D fortification (Denmark) - Nov 2019
- Vitamin D food fortification during pregnancy reduced gestational diabetes in daughters by 13 percent – Nov 2018
- Vitamin D added to margarine reduced inflammatory bowel disease by 13 percent 30 years later – Nov 2019
- Preeclampsia of offspring cut in half if mother who smoked had vitamin D fortified margarine – Dec 2017
- Danish study of childhood diseases vs vitamin D fortification – May 2013
- 9 studies by Denmak D-Tech group (fortifiy Margarine with Vitamin D) online as of Nov 2019
OBJECTIVE:
To examine if fetal exposure to a small dosage of extra vitamin D from food fortification was associated with a decrease in the risk of pre-eclampsia later in life.
DESIGN:
Cancellation of the mandatory vitamin D fortification of margarine in 1985 created a societal experiment, with entire adjacent birth cohorts exposed or unexposed to extra vitamin D during fetal development. The Danish national medical health registries allowed the identification of pre-eclampsia cases later in life among all exposed and unexposed female individuals.
SETTING: Denmark.
SUBJECTS: Women born between June 1983 and August 1988, who gave birth to their first child at age 14·5-27·5 years (n 32 621).
RESULTS:
OR (95 % CI) for pre-eclampsia among women exposed v. unexposed to extra vitamin D from fortification during fetal development was 0·86 (0·76, 0·97). Exposure to extra vitamin D was associated with further reduced odds of pre-eclampsia (0·49 (0·34, 0·72)) among current smokers, but not among former smokers and non-smokers.
CONCLUSIONS:
Additional vitamin D in fetal life from food fortification seems to reduce the risk of pre-eclampsia later in life. The risk reduction may be particularly strong among women who smoke during pregnancy.
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PMID: 29258625 DOI: 10.1017/S1368980017003135