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Near the end of pregnancy 50,000 IU vitamin D weekly was great – RCT April 2013

Effect of vitamin D administration in vitamin D-deficient pregnant women on maternal and neonatal serum calcium and vitamin D concentrations: a randomised clinical trial.

Br J Nutr. 2013 Apr 29:1-6.
Hashemipour S, Lalooha F, Zahir Mirdamadi S, Ziaee A, Dabaghi Ghaleh T.
Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Science, Qazvin, Iran.

VitaminDWiki Summary of 2nd publication

Measure Control50,000 IU weekly
Body length4849
Head circumference35.335.9
Body weight3.26 kg3.42 kg
Maternal weight gain11.7 kg13.7 kg


There are several studies in which a correlation between maternal vitamin D deficiency and serum mineral disorders in the mother and the newborn has been reported. The present randomised clinical trial was designed to investigate the effect of vitamin D administration on maternal and fetal Ca and vitamin D status. The trial was carried out on 160 pregnant women. Vitamin D-deficient (25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) < 30 ng/ml) pregnant women were recruited at 26-28 weeks of pregnancy. In the control group, a multivitamin supplement containing 400 IU vitamin D3/d was given. Patients in the treatment group were treated with 50 000 IU vitamin D3 weekly for a total duration of 8 weeks. At delivery, maternal and fetal Ca and 25(OH)D levels in both groups were compared.
In total, 81 % of pregnant women were vitamin D deficient. At the time of delivery, Ca and vitamin D levels were higher in the treatment group compared with the control group (92 (sd 3) v. 85 (sd 4) mg/l, respectively, P= 0·001 for serum Ca; 47·8 (sd 11·1) v. 15·9 (sd 6·6) ng/ml, respectively, P< 0·001 for vitamin D).
At the time of delivery, 32·7 % of women in the control group had hypocalcaemia, while no hypocalcaemic case was detected in the vitamin D-treated group.
Mean neonatal serum 25(OH)D was higher in the treatment group compared with the control group (27·7 (sd 5·2) v.10·9 (sd 4·4) ng/ml, respectively, P< 0·01).
The neonatal Ca level in the treatment group was significantly higher than that of the control group (99 (sd 3) v. 91 (sd 3) mg/l, respectively, P< 0·001). The administration of vitamin D to pregnant women with vitamin D deficiency improves both maternal and neonatal Ca levels.

PMID: 23628132


2nd publication in a different journal of the same study

Effect of treatment of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency during pregnancy on fetal growth indices and maternal weight gain: a randomized clinical trial.
Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2013 Oct 19. pii: S0301-2115(13)00509-5. doi: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2013.10.010.
Hashemipour S, Ziaee A, Javadi A, Movahed F, Elmizadeh K, Javadi EH, Lalooha F.
Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Science, Qazvin, Iran.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether treatment of low serum vitamin D in pregnant women improves fetal growth indices.

STUDY DESIGN: In this open-label randomized clinical trial, 130 Iranian pregnant women (24-26 weeks of gestation) with vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency [25(OH)D <30ng/ml] were divided at random into an intervention group and a control group. The control group received 200mg calcium plus a multivitamin (containing vitamin D3 400U) each day, and the intervention group received 200mg calcium plus a multivitamin (containing vitamin D3 400U) each day, plus vitamin D3 (50,000U) each week for 8 weeks. At delivery, maternal and cord blood 25(OH)D levels, maternal weight gain, neonatal length, neonatal weight and neonatal head circumference were compared between two groups. Serum vitamin D was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. A multivariate regression analysis was performed to examine the independent effect of maternal vitamin D level on fetal growth indices.

RESULTS: Mean (±standard deviation)

  • length (intervention group: 49±1.6cm; control group: 48.2±1.7cm; p=0.001),
  • head circumference (intervention group: 35.9±0.7cm; control group: 35.3±1.0cm; p=0.001) and
  • weight (intervention group: 3429±351.9g; control group: 3258.8±328.2g; p=0.01)

were higher in the intervention group compared with the control group.
Mean maternal weight gain was higher in the intervention group compared with the control group (13.3±2.4kg vs 11.7±2.7kg; p=0.006).
Multivariate regression analysis for

  • maternal weight gain,
  • neonatal length,
  • neonatal weight and
  • neonatal head circumference

showed an independent correlation with maternal vitamin D level.

CONCLUSION: Treatment of low serum vitamin D during pregnancy improves fetal growth indices and maternal weight gain.

Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
PMID: 24210789


See also VitaminDWiki

NH = not pregnant (much higher response to 35,000) solid line
PH = pregnant, higher dose (35,000 IU weekly)
PL = Pregnant and low (14,000 IU weekly)_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
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