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Alzheimer’s Dementia 2.3X more likely in elderly if low vitamin D – Dec 2022

Low Serum Vitamin D Status Is Associated with Incident Alzheimer’s Dementia in the Oldest Old

Nutrients 2023, 15(1), 61; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15010061
by Debora Melo van Lent 1,2,*ORCID,Sarah Egert 3,Steffen Wolfsgruber 1,4,Luca Kleineidam 4,Leonie Weinhold 5,Holger Wagner-Thelen 4,6,Birgit Stoffel-Wagner 7,Horst Bickel 8,Birgitt Wiese 9,Siegfried Weyerer 10,Michael Pentzek 11,Frank Jessen 1,6,Matthias Schmid 1,5,Wolfgang Maier 4,Martin Scherer 12,Steffi G. Riedel-Heller 13,†,Alfredo Ramirez 1,4,6,†ORCID andMichael Wagner 1,4,†ORCID

Background. Vitamins A, D and E and beta-carotene may have a protective function for cognitive health, due to their antioxidant capacities.

Methods. We analyzed data from 1334 non-demented participants (mean age 84 years) from the AgeCoDe study, a prospective multicenter-cohort of elderly general-practitioner patients in Germany, of whom n = 250 developed all-cause dementia and n = 209 developed Alzheimer’s dementia (AD) during 7 years of follow-up. We examined whether concentrations of vitamins A (retinol), D (25-hydroxycholecalciferol) and E (alpha-tocopherol) and beta-carotene, would be associated with incident (AD) dementia.

Results. In our sample, 33.7% had optimum vitamin D concentrations (≥50 nmol/L). Higher concentrations of vitamin D were associated with lower incidence of all-cause dementia and AD (HR 0.99 (95%CI 0.98; 0.99); HR0.99 (95%CI 0.98; 0.99), respectively).
In particular, subjects with vitamin D deficiency (25.3%, <25 nmol/L) were at increased risk for all-cause dementia and AD (HR1.91 (95%CI 1.30; 2.81); HR 2.28 (95%CI 1.47; 3.53), respectively). Vitamins A and E and beta-carotene were unrelated to (AD) dementia.

Conclusions. Vitamin D deficiency increased the risk to develop (AD) dementia. Our study supports the advice for monitoring vitamin D status in the elderly and vitamin D supplementation in those with vitamin D deficiency. We observed no relationships between the other vitamins with incident (AD) dementia, which is in line with previous observational studies.
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