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430 genes changed when 3,800 IU Vitamin D added in late second trimester – RCT May 2018

Effects of Maternal Vitamin D Supplementation on the Maternal and Infant Epigenome.

Breastfeed Med. 2018 May 21. doi: 10.1089/bfm.2017.0231. [Epub ahead of print]
Anderson CM1, Gillespie SL1, Thiele DK2, Ralph JL2,3, Ohm JE4.

VitaminDWiki
  • This study used 3,800 IU daily starting at late 2nd trimester and continued through a month of breastfeeding
  • Studies starting Vitamin D supplementation in early 2nd trimester with 70% more Vitamin D (6,400 IU) have found many infant benefits
  • Many studies have suggested that Vitamin D levels should be optimized in early 1st trimester
  • VitaminDWiki suspects > 1,000 gene changes if vitamin D levels are raised by day 20 instead of day 200

Healthy pregnancies need lots of vitamin D has the following summary

Problem
Vit. D
Reduces
Evidence
0. Chance of not conceiving3.4 times Observe
1. Miscarriage 2.5 times Observe
2. Pre-eclampsia 3.6 timesRCT
3. Gestational Diabetes 3 times RCT
4. Good 2nd trimester sleep quality 3.5 times Observe
5. Premature birth 2 times RCT
6. C-section - unplanned 1.6 timesObserve
     Stillbirth - OMEGA-3 4 timesRCT - Omega-3
7. Depression AFTER pregnancy 1.4 times RCT
8. Small for Gestational Age 1.6 times meta-analysis
9. Infant height, weight, head size
     within normal limits
RCT
10. Childhood Wheezing 1.3 times RCT
11. Additional child is Autistic 4 times Intervention
12.Young adult Multiple Sclerosis 1.9 timesObserve
13. Preeclampsia in young adult 3.5 timesRCT
14. Good motor skills @ age 31.4 times Observe
15. Childhood Mite allergy 5 times RCT
16. Childhood Respiratory Tract visits 2.5 times RCT

RCT = Randomized Controlled Trial


INTRODUCTION:
Mothers and infants are at high risk for inadequate vitamin D status. Mechanisms by which vitamin D may affect maternal and infant DNA methylation are poorly understood.

OBJECTIVE:
This study quantified the effects of vitamin D3 supplementation on DNA methylation in pregnant and lactating women and their breastfed infants.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
In this randomized controlled pilot study, pregnant women received vitamin D3 400 international units (IU) (n = 6; control) or 3,800 IU (n = 7; intervention) daily from late second trimester through 4-6 weeks postpartum. Epigenome-wide DNA methylation was quantified in leukocytes collected from mothers at birth and mother-infant dyads at 4-6 weeks postpartum.

RESULTS:
At birth, intervention group mothers showed DNA methylation gain and loss at 76 and 89 cytosine-guanine (CpG) dinucleotides, respectively, compared to controls. Postpartum, methylation gain was noted at 200 and loss at 102 CpGs. Associated gene clusters showed strongest biologic relevance for cell migration/motility and cellular membrane function at birth and cadherin signaling and immune function at postpartum. Breastfed 4-6-week-old infants of intervention mothers showed DNA methylation gain and loss in 217 and 213 CpGs, respectively, compared to controls. Genes showing differential methylation mapped most strongly to collagen metabolic processes and regulation of apoptosis.

CONCLUSIONS:
Maternal vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy and lactation alters DNA methylation in mothers and breastfed infants. Additional work is needed to fully elucidate the short- and long-term biologic effects of vitamin D supplementation at varying doses, which could hold important implications for establishing clinical recommendations for prenatal and offspring health promotion.

PMID: 29782187 DOI: 10.1089/bfm.2017.0231


Created by admin. Last Modification: Monday May 10, 2021 17:35:02 GMT-0000 by admin. (Version 4)