Two items on this page: Testing in US up 8,000% in a decade; Testing in Australia up 9,400% in 4.5 years
Trends in Laboratory Test Volumes for Medicare Part B Reimbursements, 2000-2010.
Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2013 Jun 5.
Shahangian S, Alspach TD, Astles JR, Yesupriya A, Dettwyler WK.
From the Division of Laboratory Science and Standards, Office of Surveillance, Epidemiology, and Laboratory Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia (Drs Shahangian and Astles and Messrs Yesupriya and Alspach);
[Extrapolation of this curve is at the bottom of this page]
Context.-Changes in reimbursements for clinical laboratory testing may help us assess the effect of various variables, such as testing recommendations, market forces, changes in testing technology, and changes in clinical or laboratory practices, and provide information that can influence health care and public health policy decisions. To date, however, there has been no report, to our knowledge, of longitudinal trends in national laboratory test use.
Objective.-To evaluate Medicare Part B-reimbursed volumes of selected laboratory tests per 10 000 enrollees from 2000 through 2010.
Design.-Laboratory test reimbursement volumes per 10 000 enrollees in Medicare Part B were obtained from the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (Baltimore, Maryland). The ratio of the most recent (2010) reimbursed test volume per 10 000 Medicare enrollees, divided by the oldest data (usually 2000) during this decade, called the volume ratio, was used to measure trends in test reimbursement. Laboratory tests with a reimbursement claim frequency of at least 10 per 10 000 Medicare enrollees in 2010 were selected, provided there was more than a 50% change in test reimbursement volume during the 2000-2010 decade. We combined the reimbursed test volumes for the few tests that were listed under more than one code in the Current Procedural Terminology (American Medical Association, Chicago, Illinois). A 2-sided Poisson regression, adjusted for potential overdispersion, was used to determine P values for the trend; trends were considered significant at P < .05.
Results.-Tests with the greatest decrease in reimbursement volumes were electrolytes, digoxin, carbamazepine, phenytoin, and lithium, with volume ratios ranging from 0.27 to 0.64 (P < .001). Tests with the greatest increase in reimbursement volumes were meprobamate, opiates, methadone, phencyclidine, amphetamines, cocaine, and vitamin D, with volume ratios ranging from 83 to 1510 (P < .001).
Conclusions.-Although reimbursement volumes increased for most of the selected tests, other tests exhibited statistically significant downward trends in annual reimbursement volumes. The observed changes in reimbursement volumes may be explained by disease prevalence and severity, patterns of drug use, clinical or laboratory practices, and testing recommendations and guidelines, among others. These data may be useful to policy makers, health systems researchers, laboratory directors, and industry scientists to understand, address, and anticipate trends in laboratory testing in the Medicare population.
PMID: 23738761
Evidence of overtesting for vitamin D in Australia: an analysis of 4.5 years of Medicare Benefits Schedule (MBS) data
BMJ Open 2013;3:e002955 doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2013-002955
Kellie Bilinski 1 Kellie.Bilinski at bci.org.au, Steve Boyages 2
1 Westmead Breast Cancer Institute, Westmead Hospital, Westmead NSW and The University of Sydney, Western Clinical School, Sydney New South Wales, Australia
2 Department of Endocrinology, Westmead Hospital, The University of Sydney, eHealth NSW Initiative, NSW Health, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
Objective To comprehensively examine pathology test utilisation of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) testing in each state of Australia to determine the cost impact and value and to add evidence to enable the development of vitamin D testing guidelines.
Design Longitudinal analysis of all 25(OH)D pathology tests in Australia.
Setting Primary and Tertiary Care.
Measurements The frequency of 25(OH)D testing between 1 April 2006 and 30 October 2010 coded for each individual by provider, state and month between 2006 and 2010. Rate of tests per 100 000 individuals and benefit for 25(OH)D, full blood count (FBC) and bone densitometry by state and quarter between 2000 and 2010.
Results 4.5 million tests were performed between 1 April 2006 and 30 October 2010. 42.9% of individuals had more than one test with some individuals having up to 79 tests in that period. Of these tests, 80% were ordered by general practitioners and 20% by specialists.
The rate of 25(OH)D testing increased 94-fold from 2000 to 2010. Rate varied by state whereby the most southern state represented the highest increase and northern state the lowest increase. In contrast, the rate of a universal pathology test such as FBC remained relatively stable increasing 2.5-fold. Of concern, a 0.5-fold (50%) increase in bone densitometry was seen.
Conclusions The marked variation in the frequency of testing for vitamin D deficiency indicates that large sums of potentially unnecessary funds are being expended. The rate of 25(OH)D testing increased exponentially at an unsustainable rate. Consequences of such findings are widespread in terms of cost and effectiveness. Further research is required to determine the drivers and cost benefit of such expenditure. Our data indicate that adoption of specific guidelines may improve efficiency and effectiveness of 25(OH)D testing.
See also VitaminDWiki
- Low cost vitamin D Blood Tests
- 94 X increase in Vitamin D testing in Australia (2000-2010, then they shut it down) – Dec 2019
- No longer debating vitamin D supplementation, now debating need for testing first – April 2013
- Instant vitamin D Yes-No test now available
- Vitamin D testing in Australia - huge increase in 11 years - July 2012
- VA showed increased vitamin D associated with lower health costs - Lancet May 2012
- Warning – Medicare will pay for just 1 vitamin D test PER LIFETIME (if not related to a few diseases)
- All items in category Test for D
160 items Extrapolating Testing to 2014
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