Post-hoc Analysis of NICHD Vitamin D Pregnancy Cohort and The Role of Functional Vitamin D Deficiency in Pregnancy
Am J Perinatol. 2023 May 22. doi: 10.1055/a-2097-2098 PDF is behind paywall
Shellie Davis 1, Elliott Lyles 2, Judy Shary 3, Myla Ebeling 4, Susan G Reed 1, John E Baatz 1, Bruce W Hollis 3, Carol L Wagner 1
Objective: Conduct a secondary, post-hoc analysis of NICHD vitamin D (vitD) pregnancy study by Hollis et al. (Hollis, 2011), which reported on the effect of vitD supplementation in pregnant women; and determine the potential interaction between intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) concentrations, vitD status, and various comorbidities associated with pregnancy.
Hypothesis: Women with low 25(OH)D concentrations and high iPTH concentrations during pregnancy, known as functional vitD deficiency (FVDD), were more likely to acquire complications also affecting their neonates.
Study design: This post-hoc analysis of data collected from a diverse group of pregnant women participating in the NICHD vitD pregnancy study, was applied to investigate the applicability of the concept of FVDD in pregnancy (Hemmingway, 2018) in identifying potential risks for certain comorbidities of pregnancy. This analysis defines FVDD as maternal serum 25(OH)D concentrations below 20 ng/mL and iPTH concentrations above 65 pg/mL creating a definitive ratio number, 0.308, to classify mothers as having FVDD prior to delivery (PTD). Statistical analyses were performed using SAS 9.4 (Cary, NC).
Results: 281 women (85 African American, 115 Hispanic, 81 Caucasian) with 25(OH)D and iPTH concentrations measured at monthly visits were included in this analysis. No statistically significant association was found between mothers classified as having FVDD at baseline or one-month PTD and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, infection, or admittance to the NICU. When combining all comorbidities of pregnancy in this cohort, results showed those with FVDD at baseline, 24 weeks' gestation, and one-month PTD were more likely to experience a comorbidity (p=0.001; p=0.001; p=0.004, respectively).
Those with FVDD one-month PTD were 7.1 times (CI 1.71-29.81) more likely to have preterm birth (<37 weeks) than women without FVDD.
Conclusions: Participants were more likely to have experienced preterm birth if they met the criteria for FVDD. This study supports the importance of FVDD during pregnancy.
VitaminDWiki pages with PRE-TERM etc in title (116 as of May 2023)
This list is automatically updated
Items found: 117
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Preemies with pneumonia have especially low vitamin D levels (12 ng) – May 2023 |
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23 May, 2023 |
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Preterm birth 7 X more likely if both low vitamin D and high PTH 1 month before birth – May 2023 |
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23 May, 2023 |
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Omega-3 supplementation reduced preterm birth rate by 4X – RCT July 2020 |
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21 Oct, 2022 |
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Preterm birth decreased by Omege-3, etc. - many studies |
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21 Oct, 2022 |
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4.4 X more likely to have a preterm birth if low vitamin D while pregnant - May 2022 |
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23 May, 2022 |
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Arab preterm infants often have less than 10 ng of vitamin D - 2010 |
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15 May, 2022 |
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Preterm birth interventions – 4 studies found possible vitamin D benefit – Cochrane – Nov 2018 |
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15 May, 2022 |
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Preterm birth might be prevented by Vitamin D, Omega-3, etc. (International survey) – Jan 2019 |
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15 May, 2022 |
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Preterm Births - promising preventions – anti-oxidants, Vitamin D, Omega-3, Zinc, etc. – Jan 2019 |
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15 May, 2022 |
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Preterm birth chance reduced – with 17P or Vitamin D – June 2015 |
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15 May, 2022 |
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Preterm birth reduction by nutrients - Vitamin D is the best, Omega-3 is next best – May 2022 |
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15 May, 2022 |
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Preterm birth rate of pregnant smokers cut in half if take Omega-3 – RCT May 2017 |
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20 Feb, 2022 |
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Preterm birth varies with season: 25 percent more likely if conception in autumn – Feb 2022 |
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04 Feb, 2022 |
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Supplement preterm infants with vitamin D if less than 80 ng – RCT Sept 2021 |
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28 Sep, 2021 |
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Preterm infants need Vitamin D |
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04 Aug, 2021 |
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Pre-term birth rate cut in half with 1000 milligrams of Omega-3 (if initially low) – RCT May 2021 |
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04 Jun, 2021 |
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Preemies should have vitamin D supplements – reaching an agreement – April 2021 |
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01 May, 2021 |
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Preemies 2.5 X more likely to get hip replacement etc. (low vitamin D) – Nov 2014 |
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30 Apr, 2021 |
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Preemie Respiratory Distress Syndrome is 5X more likely if low vitamin D – Dec 2020 |
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18 Dec, 2020 |
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Preterm birth risk increased 16 pcnt if heat wave (perhaps outside less) - Nov 2020 |
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16 Nov, 2020 |
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Preterm birth associated with many genes, including the Vitamin D Receptor again – Jan 2020 |
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30 Jan, 2020 |
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Preterm birth 8X more likely if poor Vitamin D Receptor – Dec 2019 |
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31 Dec, 2019 |
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8 percent fewer preterm births if adequate Selenium from food – Aug 2019 |
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24 Dec, 2019 |
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Pregnant women in Australia to take Omega-3 when told of reduction in preterm births – Dec 2019 |
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19 Nov, 2019 |
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Preterm birth 9 X more likely if fetus had a poor Vitamin D Receptor and previous miscarriage – Aug 2017 |
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12 Nov, 2019 |
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Preemies still have low vitamin D at age 6 – Oct 2019 |
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30 Oct, 2019 |
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Preterm births reduced by Vitamin D, Omega-3, Zinc – Oct 2019 |
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26 Oct, 2019 |
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Preterm birth rate not vary with vitamin D level (when all are less than 30 ng) – Oct 2019 |
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17 Oct, 2019 |
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Extreme preterm infants helped somewhat by 800 IU of vitamin D – RCT Jan 2018 |
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01 Oct, 2019 |
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Preterm Births reduced by Omega-3, Zinc, and Vitamin D – Aug 2019 |
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09 Aug, 2019 |
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Preterm birth increases risk of heart disease by 1.5 X by age 40 – June 2019 |
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06 Aug, 2019 |
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No preemie had even 30 ng of vitamin D, lower D associated with more Respiratory Distress – Aug 2013 |
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24 Jul, 2019 |
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Preemie immunity (Treg) vastly improved by 800 IU of Vitamin D daily – RCT July 2019 |
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24 Jul, 2019 |
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Rickets in Sweden recently increased by 6X (mainly preemies) – May 2019 |
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06 May, 2019 |
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Preterm Births decreased by Omega-3 (analysis of 184 countries) – April 2019 |
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27 Apr, 2019 |
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Vaginal microbiome varies with race, vitamin D level, preterm birth, etc. - March 2019 |
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27 Mar, 2019 |
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Premature births predicted in office by 2024 - Bill Gates (vs. reduce preemies by half now with Vitamin D) - Feb 2019 |
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28 Feb, 2019 |
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Respiratory Distress Syndrome in preemies 5 X more likely if poor vitamin D receptor – Feb 2019 |
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15 Feb, 2019 |
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Preterm birth 3X more likely if low vitamin D – Oct 2018 |
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07 Feb, 2019 |
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Omega-3 index of 5 greatly decreases the risk of an early preterm birth – Dec 2018 |
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04 Jan, 2019 |
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Preterm babies have low vitamin D, but recover in 6 weeks with 800 IU supplementation – Jan 2019 |
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01 Jan, 2019 |
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Preterm birth cost for employers approximately 50,000 dollars – Oct 2017 |
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28 Sep, 2018 |
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Preterm births 12 X more likely if poor Vitamin D Receptor (white infants in Italy) – meta-analysis Aug 2018 |
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27 Aug, 2018 |
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Autism and ADHD type disorders were 14X more likely in survey of extreme preterm vaccinated infants - April 2017 |
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04 Jul, 2018 |
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FDA petitioned to acknowledge that vitamin D cuts preterm birth rate in half – May 2018 |
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13 May, 2018 |
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Preterm birth 4X more likely if Vitamin D deficient – Feb 2018 |
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04 Apr, 2018 |
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Third trimester Vitamin D levels were lower if pre-term labor was expected – March 2018 |
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24 Mar, 2018 |
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Preterm birth 4X more likely if very low Vitamin D (Chinese) - Feb 2018 |
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28 Feb, 2018 |
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60 percent of preemies have brain damage from lack of brain Oxygen, which is associated with low vitamin D – Feb 2018 |
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22 Feb, 2018 |
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Pregnancies with more than 40 ng of vitamin D are great - miscarriage, LBW, SGA, preterm – Feb 2018 |
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14 Feb, 2018 |
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Pregnancies with more than 40 ng of vitamin D are great - miscarriage, LBW, SGA, preterm – Feb 2018 |
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14 Feb, 2018 |
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Preterm birth rates increased in 15 European countries – Oct 2013 |
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23 Dec, 2017 |
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Increasing Omega-3 reduces heart problems, autism, depression, preterm birth, breast cancer, etc. |
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15 Dec, 2017 |
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Vitamin D intervention reduces preterm births and low birth weight by 60 percent – Cochrane Reviews – Nov 2017 |
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07 Dec, 2017 |
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Preterm birth rate increased 60 percent in 50 years (US) |
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26 Nov, 2017 |
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Preterm cost for employers, increased 65 percent in 2 years – Oct 2017 |
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26 Nov, 2017 |
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Preterm births are VERY costly – Feb 2017 |
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26 Nov, 2017 |
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Preterm birth far more likely if previous miscarriage and poor Vitamin D receptor – Aug 2017 |
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20 Nov, 2017 |
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Preemies with poor lungs (Respiratory distress syndrome) have low levels of vitamin D – Nov 2017 |
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14 Nov, 2017 |
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Preterm birth is related to Vitamin D Receptor problems – many studies agree |
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13 Nov, 2017 |
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Preterm births strongly related to Vitamin D, Vitamin D Receptor, Iodine, Omega-3, etc |
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13 Nov, 2017 |
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Preterm birth and Vitamin D Receptor – Dec 2016 |
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13 Nov, 2017 |
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Vitamin D Receptor is associated with preeclampsia, gestational diabetes and preterm birth – Nov 2017 |
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10 Nov, 2017 |
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Preemies getting 800 IU of vitamin D were 3X less likely to have low bone density 4 weeks later – RCT Oct 2017 |
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22 Oct, 2017 |
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APS (associated with miscarriage, stillbirth. preterm delivery and stroke) is 3X more likely if low vitamin D – meta-analysis Oct 2017 |
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13 Oct, 2017 |
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Preterm birth trend toward 2.5 X more likely if less than 10 ng of Vitamin D – Aug 2017 |
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26 Aug, 2017 |
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Preemies need 1,000 IU of vitamin D – RCT Sept 2017 |
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03 Aug, 2017 |
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Preterm birth rate reduced by vitamin D – 78 percent if non-white, 39 percent if white – July 2017 |
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27 Jul, 2017 |
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Preterm birth more likely if dark skinned and low vitamin D (not white-skinned) – April 2017 |
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06 Jul, 2017 |
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Dark skinned Canadian women with low vitamin D are 4 X more likely to have preterm births – April 2017 |
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06 Jul, 2017 |
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Preterm birth 2X more likely if poor Vitamin D Receptor, 9 X if also had previous miscarriage – June 2017 |
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15 Jun, 2017 |
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Sepsis in first year of life is much more likely if preterm (low Vitamin D) – May 2017 |
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10 May, 2017 |
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Iodine added during pregnancy reduces preterm births, increases IQ. Etc. |
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27 Apr, 2017 |
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Risk of preterm birth twice as likely when less than 10 ng of vitamin D – Nov 2016 |
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13 Apr, 2017 |
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Preemies with low Vitamin D are 14 percent more like to have expensive gut problems (necrotizing enterocolitis) – March 2017 |
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24 Mar, 2017 |
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Preterm labor 20 times more likely if low vitamin D, etc. (India) – Feb 2017 |
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08 Mar, 2017 |
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Preterm birth rate reduced by 43 percent with adequate Vitamin D supplementation – meta-analysis Feb 2017 |
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02 Mar, 2017 |
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Preterm birth rate reduced by 0.57 with adequate Vitamin D supplementation – meta-analysis Feb 2017 |
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28 Feb, 2017 |
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Pre-term birth - many of risk factors are associated with low vitamin D |
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27 Feb, 2017 |
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Preterm birth rate reduced 57 percent by Vitamin D – Nov 2015 |
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23 Jan, 2017 |
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Vitamin D Webinar - cost of pre-term birth etc- Baggerly Nov 2013 |
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11 Dec, 2016 |
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Preterm birth extended by 2 weeks with Omega-3 – Meta-analysis Nov 2015 |
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10 Dec, 2016 |
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Preterm birth 3.3 times more likely if Vitamin D Receptor gene problem – Aug 2016 |
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15 Oct, 2016 |
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Omega-3 supplementation during pregnancy reduce early preterm births (save 1500 USD per child) – Aug 2016 |
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12 Oct, 2016 |
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Zinc helps pregnancies – 14 percent fewer preterm births, etc. – Cochrane RCT Feb 2015 |
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14 Jun, 2016 |
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Preterm birth has become the leading cause of infant mortality (vitamin D not mentioned) – JAMA June 2016 |
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07 Jun, 2016 |
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Preterm birth 30 percent more likely if low vitamin D – meta-analysis May 2016 |
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20 May, 2016 |
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Extreme preterm infants need a total of 1,000 IU of vitamin D daily – RCT April 2016 |
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13 Apr, 2016 |
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Preemies have increased need for vitamin D and Calcium (Rickets)– May 2013 |
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15 Mar, 2016 |
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Asthmatic pregnant women had 30 percent more preterm births if air pollution (vitamin D not mentioned) – March 2016 |
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09 Mar, 2016 |
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Omega-3 helps pregnancy in many ways: preterm 26 percent less likely etc – review July 2012 |
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08 Sep, 2015 |
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Extreme preterm survival 30 percent less likely if little sunshine 23-28 weeks – June 2015 |
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05 Sep, 2015 |
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Magnesium (Sulfate) reduces risk of cerebral palsy for those at risk of pre-term births – Dec 2013 |
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18 Aug, 2015 |
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Respiratory distress after preterm birth is more likely if low vitamin D – review April 2015 |
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05 Aug, 2015 |
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All preemies with Chronic Lung Disease had low vitamin D levels– July 2015 |
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01 Aug, 2015 |
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Many preemies need at least 800 IU of vitamin D – RCT May 2013 |
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16 Mar, 2015 |
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Pre-term births reduced in half if 40 ng of vitamin D in 3rd trimester – Nov 2014 |
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15 Mar, 2015 |
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Preterm births are associated most strongly with low vitamin D in third trimester – Nov 2014 |
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13 Mar, 2015 |
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Chance of preterm birth is strongly associated with low vitamin D – Feb 2015 |
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05 Feb, 2015 |
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The more preterm the birth, the lower the vitamin D level (both mothers and infants) – Feb 2014 |
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05 Feb, 2015 |
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Preterm infants more likely to have vitamin D levels below 20 ng – Feb 2014 |
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05 Feb, 2015 |
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Decreased risk of preterm birth if have more than 36 ng of vitamin D – Jan 2015 |
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09 Jan, 2015 |
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Autism associated with preterm and low birth weight (both associated with low vitamin D) – Nov 2014 |
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31 Dec, 2014 |
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Preterm infants, kidney, rickets and vitamin D intake: is it time for rewriting the history – Aug 2014 |
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26 Aug, 2014 |
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Preemies have low vitamin D levels yet only get 400 IU – July 2013 |
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15 Aug, 2014 |
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Fewer pre-term births after pollution reduction (vitamin D not mentioned) April 2014 |
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16 Jun, 2014 |
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300 IU is not enough vitamin D for preterm infants – March 2014 |
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22 Apr, 2014 |
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Pre-term birth 3X more likely and C-section 4X if less than 20 ng of vitamin D – May 2012 |
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13 Feb, 2014 |
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Morbid obesity increases chance of extreme preemie by 3X (low vitamin D not mentioned) – June 2013 |
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21 Sep, 2013 |
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Study found little proof that preemies need more vitamin D – Sept 2013 |
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15 Sep, 2013 |
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Some preemies needed more than 400 IU of vitamin D – July 2013 |
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12 Aug, 2013 |
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400 IU not enough to raise preemies vitamin D level to 30 ng – Dissertation 2010 |
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01 Jun, 2013 |
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Recurrent pre term birth and low vitamin D – Dec 2012 |
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23 Jan, 2013 |
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Osteopenia in preterm infants – May 2012 |
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27 Dec, 2012 |
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Blacks have more pre-term births due to low nutrients such as vitamin D – Sept 2011 |
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14 Sep, 2011 |
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Pre-term birth not associated with first tri-mester vitamin D – April 2011 |
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21 Apr, 2011 |
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Dark-skin plus low vitamin D in first trimester made preterm birth 2.9 X more likely – Dec 2019 |
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VitaminDWiki - Pregnancy category contains
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items in Pregnancy category
- see also