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COVID-19 1.77X less likely if more than 20 ng of vitamin D (489 people) – JAMA Sept 2020

Association of Vitamin D Status and Other Clinical Characteristics With COVID-19 Test Results

JAMA Netw Open. 2020;3(9):e2019722. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.19722
David O. Meltzer, MD, PhD1; Thomas J. Best, PhD2; Hui Zhang, PhD2; et alTamara Vokes, MD1; Vineet Arora, MD, MPP1; Julian Solway, MD1
 Download the PDF from VitaminDWiki
University of Chicago, March 2020
Vitamin D measurement were made 2 to 52 weeks before COVID-19 test
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X less likely to test positive at each Vitamin D level
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Key Points

  • Question Is vitamin D status, reflecting vitamin D levels and treatment, associated with test results for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)?
  • Findings In this cohort study of 489 patients who had a vitamin D level measured in the year before COVID-19 testing, the relative risk of testing positive for COVID-19 was 1.77 times greater for patients with likely deficient vitamin D status compared with patients with likely sufficient vitamin D status, a difference that was statistically significant.
  • Meaning These findings appear to support a role of vitamin D status in COVID-19 risk; randomized clinical trials are needed to determine whether broad population interventions and interventions among groups at increased risk of vitamin D deficiency and COVID-19 could reduce COVID-19 incidence.

Abstract
Importance Vitamin D treatment has been found to decrease the incidence of viral respiratory tract infection, especially in patients with vitamin D deficiency. Whether vitamin D is associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) incidence is unknown.

Objective To examine whether the last vitamin D status before COVID-19 testing is associated with COVID-19 test results.

Design, Setting, and Participants This retrospective cohort study at an urban academic medical center included patients with a 25-hydroxycholecalciferol or 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol level measured within 1 year before being tested for COVID-19 from March 3 to April 10, 2020.

Exposures Vitamin D deficiency was defined by the last measurement of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol less than 20 ng/mL or 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol less than 18 pg/mL before COVID-19 testing. Treatment changes were defined by changes in vitamin D type and dose between the date of the last vitamin D level measurement and the date of COVID-19 testing. Vitamin D deficiency and treatment changes were combined to categorize the most recent vitamin D status before COVID-19 testing as likely deficient (last level deficient and treatment not increased), likely sufficient (last level not deficient and treatment not decreased), and 2 groups with uncertain deficiency (last level deficient and treatment increased, and last level not deficient and treatment decreased).

Main Outcomes and Measures The outcome was a positive COVID-19 polymerase chain reaction test result. Multivariable analysis tested whether vitamin D status before COVID-19 testing was associated with testing positive for COVID-19, controlling for demographic and comorbidity indicators.

Results A total of 489 patients (mean [SD] age, 49.2 [18.4] years; 366 [75%] women; and 331 [68%] race other than White) had a vitamin D level measured in the year before COVID-19 testing. Vitamin D status before COVID-19 testing was categorized as likely deficient for 124 participants (25%), likely sufficient for 287 (59%), and uncertain for 78 (16%). Overall, 71 participants (15%) tested positive for COVID-19.
In multivariate analysis, testing positive for COVID-19 was associated with

  • increasing age up to age 50 years (relative risk, 1.06; 95% CI, 1.01-1.09; P = .02);
  • non-White race (relative risk, 2.54; 95% CI, 1.26-5.12; P = .009), and
  • likely deficient vitamin D status (relative risk, 1.77; 95% CI, 1.12-2.81; P = .02)
    • compared with likely sufficient vitamin D status.

Predicted COVID-19 rates in the deficient group were 21.6% (95% CI, 14.0%-29.2%) vs 12.2%(95% CI, 8.9%-15.4%) in the sufficient group.

Conclusions and Relevance In this single-center, retrospective cohort study, likely deficient vitamin D status was associated with increased COVID-19 risk, a finding that suggests that randomized trials may be needed to determine whether vitamin D affects COVID-19 risk.


Interview of Dr. Meltzer Jan 2021

He describes his doubt that vitamin D can help but is running another COVID-19 clinical trial giving 4,000 or 10,000 IU of vitamin D for 9 months to everyone and see how what percentage in each group get COVID-19. Since there will be only 500 in each group getting the vitamin D it is very likely that the trial will be underpowdered. Example: 500 to get 4,000 IU of vitamin D and 500 get placebo. In 5 or so months only a few of the 500 will get COVID-19 - and not enough to be statistically significant.


COVID-19 treated by Vitamin D - studies, reports, videos

5 most-recently changed Virus entries


Created by admin. Last Modification: Thursday May 27, 2021 23:42:05 GMT-0000 by admin. (Version 9)

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14267 AMA test results X.jpg admin 03 Sep, 2020 48.01 Kb 515
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14265 JAMA Sept 3.pdf admin 03 Sep, 2020 858.54 Kb 342