Magnesium and Migraines - many studies

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Magnesium and Migraine - Feb 2025

Nutrients 2025, 17(4), 725; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17040725
by Ligia J. Dominguez 1,*ORCID,Nicola Veronese 2ORCID,Shaun Sabico 3ORCID,Nasser M. Al-Daghri 3ORCID and Mario Barbagallo 2ORCID

• 1 Department of Medicine, “Kore” University of Enna, 94100 Enna, Italy
• 2 Geriatric Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
• 3 Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia

Migraine is a widespread and intricate neurological condition that involves various factors and is marked by recurring headache episodes. Migraine is among the ten neurological conditions accounting for the greatest disability in the whole population, the leading cause of disability for children and adolescents aged 5–19 years, and the second cause of disability for adults aged 20–59 years. Magnesium deficiency is also a very common condition resulting from diverse reasons, including insufficient dietary consumption or increased loss through the gastrointestinal or renal system. Accumulated evidence from case reports, case–control studies, observational studies, and randomized, placebo-controlled trials has shown the effectiveness of magnesium supplementation in alleviating migraine, both acutely and chronically. Mechanisms that may help explain these results include the potential link between magnesium deficit and spreading cortical depression, vascular changes, oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, nervous excitation, neurotransmitter release, and electrolyte imbalances. This article aims to provide a comprehensive review of the available evidence on the links between magnesium and migraine, considering the role of magnesium in the pathogenesis of migraine and the utility of magnesium in its prevention and treatment.

Conclusion
Magnesium has been considered for over thirty years in the treatment of migraine, a common and disabling chronic condition. This ion has multiple effects on the nervous system, including those derived from its interaction with NMDA receptors, the inhibition of voltage-gated calcium channels, and a reduction in oxidative stress, inflammation, and the release of substance P. These mechanisms may contribute to the role of magnesium in controlling migraine. Magnesium is also a supplement with relatively rare serious side effects and shows promise in addressing the progression of migraine symptoms. While the current data support the benefits of both intravenous and oral magnesium administration for the management of acute migraine episodes requiring immediate treatment as well as in the prevention of migraine, larger RCTs are needed to further validate the effectiveness of magnesium as a treatment option. Although these trials are needed, considering the evidence from the last decades, magnesium could be included in guidelines and protocols for the treatment of both acute and chronic migraine, as indicated by the studies included in this review. Magnesium supplementation could be considered as an add-on therapy when other treatments are minimally effective. An initial therapeutic trial with magnesium, followed, if necessary, by other established and new treatments is also possible.
Thus, oral magnesium supplements are a cost-effective and well-tolerated option for treating migraine patients, alone or in combination with other compounds, which may indeed help decrease the frequency of attacks, lower treatment costs, and minimize the risk of severe side effects.
 Download the PDF from VitaminDWiki

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VitaminDWiki - 12 studies in both categories Headaches and Magnesium

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VitaminDWiki – Headache contains

50 Headache pages

Cluster Headache, etc.

• Cluster and Migraine headache treatment protocol - Sept 2023
• Cluster Headaches treated by high-dose Vitamin D, etc. (interview and transcript) - Feb 2022
• Cluster headaches virtually eliminated in 7,000 people with high-dose vitamin D and cofactors - Feb 2022
• Comparing High-dose vitamin D therapies
• Headaches helped by Vitamin D in 7 studies – Jan 2020

24+ VitaminDWiki pages have MIGRAINE in the title
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VitaminDWiki – Headache is reduced by both Magnesium and Zinc (which is better)

Compared blood levels of 25 people with migraines to 25 people without GreenMedInfo

Metal	Migraine	No Migraine	Migraine Ratio
Cadmium	0.36 ug	0.09 ug	4X MORE if increase
Iron	0.97 ug	0.48 ug	2X MORE if increase
Lead	1.48 ug	0.78 ug	2X MORE if increase
Magnesium*	10.6 ug	34.5 ug	3.5X LESS if increase
Zinc*	0.24 ug	5.77 ug	24X LESS if increase

• Note: Both Zinc and Magnesium increase the activation of the Vitamin D Receptor, which allows more vitamin D into cells

Also

• Cluster Headaches treated by high-dose Vitamin D, etc. (interview and transcript) - Feb 2022 Zinc is mentioned
• Zinc supplementation affects favorably the frequency of migraine attacks: a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial - Sept 2020  No such attachment on this page

• Zinc somewhat reduced Migraine in RCT - Sept 2020

Zinc supplementation affects favorably the frequency of migraine attacks: a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-020-00618-9 FREE PDF

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19+ pages have both MAGNESIUM and MANY STUDIES in the title (Mg is VERY IMPORTANT)

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