Diabetes has many bidirectional links with COVID-19

Created March 2021

Bidirectional link between diabetes mellitus and coronavirus disease 2019 leading to cardiovascular disease: A narrative review

World J Diabetes. 2021 Mar 15;12(3):215-237. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v12.i3.215.

Vijay Viswanathan 1, Anudeep Puvvula 2, Ankush D Jamthikar 3, Luca Saba 4, Amer M Johri 5, Vasilios Kotsis 6, Narendra N Khanna 7, Surinder K Dhanjil 8, Misha Majhail 9, Durga Prasanna Misra 10, Vikas Agarwal 11, George D Kitas 12, Aditya M Sharma 13, Raghu Kolluri 14, Subbaram Naidu 15, Jasjit S Suri 16 jasjit.suri@atheropoint.com

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1. VitaminDWiki Items in both categories Diabetes and Virus: {category} --- 1. Overview Diabetes and vitamin D contains the following {include} --- 1. COVID-19 treated by Vitamin D - studies, reports, videos {include} --- 1. 26 health factors increase the risk of COVID-19 – all are proxies for low vitamin D {include} --- This concept and study is discussed at Grassroots Health March 29. 2021

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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global pandemic where several comorbidities have been shown to have a significant effect on mortality. Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) have a higher mortality rate than non-DM patients if they get COVID-19. Recent studies have indicated that patients with a history of diabetes can increase the risk of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection. Additionally, patients without any history of diabetes can acquire new-onset DM when infected with COVID-19. Thus, there is a need to explore the bidirectional link between these two conditions, confirming the vicious loop between "DM/COVID-19".

This narrative review presents

  • (1) the bidirectional association between the DM and COVID-19,

  • (2) the manifestations of the DM/COVID-19 loop leading to cardiovascular disease,

  • (3) an understanding of primary and secondary factors that influence mortality due to the DM/COVID-19 loop,

  • (4) the role of vitamin-D in DM patients during COVID-19, and finally,

  • (5) the monitoring tools for tracking atherosclerosis burden in DM patients during COVID-19 and "COVID-triggered DM" patients.

We conclude that the bidirectional nature of DM/COVID-19 causes acceleration towards cardiovascular events. Due to this alarming condition, early monitoring of atherosclerotic burden is required in "Diabetes patients during COVID-19" or "new-onset Diabetes triggered by COVID-19 in Non-Diabetes patients".

Tags: Diabetes Virus