Canker sores (aphthous stomatitis ) may be triggered by low vitamin D

A comparative study of vitamin D serum levels in patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis

The Egyptian Rheumatologist, Available online 17 September 2014, DOI: 10.1016/j.ejr.2014.07.005

Alireza Khabbazi, Amir Ghorbanihaghjo, Farahnoosh Fanood, Sousan Kolahi, Mehrzad Hajialiloo, Nadereh Rashtchizadeh,

Background

Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is characterized by recurrent, painful, shallow, round or oval oral ulcers surrounded by inflammatory halos.

Aim of the work

To investigate the status of vitamin D in RAS patients and the relationship between vitamin D levels and the severity of RAS.

Patients and methods

In this cross sectional study 46 patients with idiopathic minor RAS (MIRAS), and 49 age and sex matched healthy controls were included. Patients with at least 3 minor aphthous oral ulcers in a year without any known cause for RAS were determined as idiopathic minor recurrent aphthous stomatitis. The severity of RAS was assessed by the number of oral aphthous ulcers in each attack and the frequency of attacks. 25-Hydroxy vitamin D [25(OH) D] levels were measured by the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) method in patients and control groups.

Results

The mean 25(OH) D level in the MIRAS group was lower than the control group ( 12.1 ± 7.7 ng/dl vs. 27.4 ± 9.7 ng/dl, p = 0.0001). Insufficiency and deficiency of 25(OH) D in the recurrent aphthous stomatitis groups were more common than those in the control group (Vitamin D sufficient, Vitamin D insufficient and Vitamin D deficient (p < 0.0001 for all the cases)).

No correlation was found between the serum levels of 25(OH) D and

  • the duration of RAS,

  • the number of oral aphthous ulcers in each attack, and

  • the frequency of attacks (p < 0.05 for all the cases).

Conclusions

Our study suggests that deficiency of vitamin D may be a trigger factor for RAS .

Keywords: Recurrent aphthous stomatitis; Oral aphthous ulcer; 25-Hydroxy vitamin D

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See also web

  • WikiPedia Epidemiology
    • The peak age of onset between 10 and 19
    • In the United States, aphthous stomatitis may be three times more common in white-skinned people than black-skinned people.
  • no indications of change with seasonality nor latitude
Created September 2014