When over 50, poor health is associated with poor vitamin D– review Oct 2019

Vitamin D as a Biomarker of Ill Health among the Over-50s: A Systematic Review of Cohort Studies

Nutrients 2019, 11(10), 2384; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11102384
Silvia Caristia 1,Nicoletta Filigheddu 1,Francesco Barone-Adesi 1,Andrea Sarro 1,Tommaso Testa 1,Corrado Magnani 1,Gianluca Aimaretti 1,Fabrizio Faggiano 1,2 andPaolo Marzullo 1,3,*
1 Department of Translational Medicine, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy
2 Epidemiology Centre of Local Health Unit of Vercelli, 12100 Vercelli, Italy
3 I.R.C.C.S. Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Piancavallo, 28921 Verbania, Italy
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Vitamin D and Obesity)

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Table 1 Associations explored

High quality studies (10 = highest)

Outcome is associated with Low Vitamin D = negative association

Background: The association between circulating levels of vitamin D and the incidence of chronic diseases is known. The identification of vitamin D as a biomarker of physiological/pathological ageing could contribute to expanding current knowledge of its involvement in healthy ageing.

Methods: According to PRISMA guidelines, a systematic review was conducted on cohorts studying the role of 25OH-Vitamin D [25(OH)D] and 1,25(OH)2-Vitamin D [1,25(OH)2D] concentrations as biomarkers of healthy ageing. We consulted MedLine, Scopus, and Web of Science to search for studies on the association between vitamin D status in populations of originally healthy adults, and outcomes of longevity, illness, and physical and cognitive functionality. The quality of the studies was assessed using the Newcastle Ottawa scale.

Results: Twenty cohorts from 24 articles were selected for this review. Inverse associations were found between low 25(OH)D levels and all-cause mortality, respiratory and cardiovascular events, as well as markers relating to hip and non-vertebral fractures. Associations between 1,25(OH)2D and healthy ageing outcomes gave similar results, although of lower clinical significance.

Conclusions: This systematic review pinpoints peculiar aspects of vitamin D as a multidimensional predictor of ill health in the ageing process. Further well-designed controlled trials to investigate whether vitamin D supplement results in superior outcomes are warranted in the future

Clipped from PDF

• “The primary outcomes of the included studies were mainly related to disease incidence (87%), all-cause mortality (9%), cognitive and physical functionality (1.8% for both). We did not find any analyses on the other six dimensions of healthy ageing concept (Table 1).”

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