Vitamin D treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease: monthly better than daily – RCT May 2022

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Oral Cholecalciferol Supplementation in Sahara Black People with Chronic Kidney Disease Modulates Cytokine Storm, Oxidative Stress Damage and Athero-Thromboembolic Risk

Nutrients. 2022 May 29;14(11):2285. doi: 10.3390/nu14112285.
Houda Zoubiri 1 2, Amina Tahar 1, Samir AitAbderrhmane 3, Messaoud Saidani 4, Elhadj-Ahmed Koceir 1

Response to Daily Dosing

WSS =White South Sahara residents  BSS =Black South Sahara residents

Response to Monthly Dosing

WSS =White South Sahara residents  BSS =Black South Sahara residents

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Note: Monthly groups started with a loading dose of 60,000 IU for 4 weeks

   There were no loading doses for the daily groups

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Zinc increased ~2X with monthly Vitamin D

Copper increased 2X with monthly Vitamin D

The 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25OHD3) deficiency in chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with immune system dysfunction (pro-inflammatory cytokines storm) through macrophages renal infiltration, oxidative stress (OxS) damage and athero-thromboembolic risk. Conversely, cholecalciferol supplementation (25OHD-S) prevents kidney fibrosis by inhibition of vascular calcification and nephrotic apoptosis (nephrons reduction). The objective of this study was to investigate the pleiotropic effects of 25OHD-S on immunomodulation, antioxidant status and in protecting against thromboembolic events in deficiency CKD Black and White individuals living in the Southern Sahara (SS).
The oral 25OHD-S was evaluated in 60,000 IU/month/36 weeks versus in 2000 IU/day/24 weeks in Black (n = 156) and White (n = 150). Total serum vitamin D was determined by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. All biomarkers of pro-inflammatory cytokines (PIC) were assessed by ELISA tests. OxS markers were assessed by Randox kits. Homocysteine and lipoproteine (a) were evaluated by biochemical methods as biomarkers of atherothromboembolic risk. All statistical analyses were performed with Student's t-test and one-way ANOVA. The Pearson test was used to calculate the correlation coefficient. The means will be significantly different at a level of p value < 0.05. Multiple logistic regressions were performed using Epi-info and Statview software. Vitamin D deficiency alters the PIC profile, OxS damage and atherothrombogenic biomarkers in both SS groups in the same manner; however, these disorders are more acute in Black compared to White SS individuals. The results showed that the serum 25OHD3 concentrations became normal (>75 nmol/L or >30 ng/mL) in the two groups.

We have shown that the dose and duration of 25OHD-S treatment are not similar in Black SS residents compared to White SS subjects, whilst the same inhabit the south Sahara environment.
It appears that a high dose intermittent over a long period (D60: 36 weeks) was more efficient in Black people; while a lower dose for a short time is sufficient (D2: 24 weeks) in their White counterparts.
The oral 25OHD-S attenuates PIC overproduction and OxS damage, but does not reduce athero-thromboembolic risk, particularly in Black SS residents.
 Download the PDF from VitaminDWiki

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VitaminDWiki - Kidney category contains

Kidney category listing has 214 items

see also Overview Kidney and vitamin D
Peritoneal dialysis in titles in VitaminDWiki (21 titles as of Oct 2021)
CKD or CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE in title of 60 pages as of April 2022

• Chronic Kidney Disease decreases Vitamin D in 4 ways – Nov 2017
• Half as much chronic kidney disease infection if supplement with Vitamin D – 2018
• 2.4 times more likely to die if have Chronic Kidney Disease and low vitamin D - Sept 2016
• 4X more Chronic Kidney disease patients are now using vitamin D – March 2014
• Poor kidneys rarely get enough or the right form of vitamin D – Feb 2019

Calcitriol category listing has 56 items along with related searches

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VitaminDWiki - Overview Kidney and vitamin D contains

• FACT: The Kidneys are not the primary way to activate vitamin D, the tissues are
• FACT: When the Kidney has problems, there is less active vitamin D (Calcitriol) for the body
• FACT: When the Kidney has problems, there is increased death due to many factors - many of which are associated with lack of Calcitriol
• FACT: There are many on-going intervention clinical trials trying to determine how much of what kind of vitamin D is needed to treat the problem
• FACT: One Randomized Controlled Trial has proven that Vitamin D treats CKD
• FACT: 38% of seniors have Chronic Kidney Disease and most are unaware of it CDC statistics 2020
• FACT: Taking extra Vitamin D, in various forms, does not cause health problems - even if poor kidney
• Suggestion: Increase vitamin D getting into body now - and increase co-factors so that the vitamin D can be better used
    Sun, UV lamp, Vitamin D supplement - probably > 5,000 IU,
  Calcitriol - which bypasses the need for the kidney to activate vitamin D
    Problems with Calcitriol however: typically only lasts for a few hours, also, possible complications
      Update: Pre-cursor of active vitamin D made from plants is better than calcitriol – Sept 2012
• Category Kidney and Vitamin D contains 214 items

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VitaminDWiki - 8 studies in both categories Kidney and Dark Skin

This list is automatically updated

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VitaminDWiki - Better than Daily contains

Non-daily (Bolus) is virtually always better: -Reasons include:

1. Better compliance
   • Fewer opportunities to forget
   • Fewer times to have to take a pill - for those who dislike it
2. High concentration resulting from infrequent dosing gets past some gene and gut limitations
   • Note: Many studies have found non-daily to be better than daily
     I am unaware of a single study which has found daily to be better than non-daily - Founder of VitaminDWiki Dec 2019

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CKD RCT on this page found that both Zinc and Copper were increased only by monthly, not by daily dosing.
Suspect the monthly dosing got more vitamin D into cells by getting past gene limitations