Very High Prevalence of 25-hydroxyvitamin D Deficiency in n 6433 UK South Asian adults: analysis of the UK Biobank Cohort
Br J Nutr. 2020 Jul 22;1-34. doi: 10.1017/S0007114520002779
Andrea L Darling 1, David J Blackbourn 1, Kourosh R Ahmadi 1, Susan A Lanham-New 1
Items in both categories Dark Skin and Europe are listed here:
- Vitamin D and poor health of South Asians living in Britain – Oct 2022
- People from the Indian continent living in the UK continue to have extremely low levels of Vitamin D – July 2020
- Most immigrant women in Sweden had little vitamin D and lots of muscle pain – May 2013
- Dark Skinned adults need more than 45 minutes of UK summer sun daily – June 2013
- 5 out of 6 UK dark skinned kids who were vitamin D deficient had no symptoms – May 2012
- 79 percent of TB in East London less 20 ng vitamin D - April 2012
- 80 percent of South Asian Women in UK had less than 10 ng of vitamin D in winter – April 2012
- Immigrant vitamin D deficiency in Europe – May 2011
- Vitamin D insufficiency in UK youths – 37X more likely if dark skin – July 2011
COVID-19 more frequent and deadly for those with dark skins (high risk of low vitamin D)
- Lack of vitamin D closely associated with black health disparities – Nov 2010
- 10 health problems associated with Dark Skin (low vitamin D)
Overview Dark Skin and Vitamin D contains the following summary
FACT - - People with dark skins have more health problems and higher mortality rate than those with light skins
FACT - - People with dark skins have low levels of vitamin D
FACT - - People with light skins who have low vitamin D have health problems
OBSERVATION - - The health problems of whites with low level of vitamin D are similar to those with dark skins
CONCLUSION - - People with dark skins have more health problems due to low levels of vitamin D
African American Health Disparities are associated with low Vitamin D - Grant Feb 2021
Low Vitamin D increases health problems - independent of skin color
Blacks die more often than whites of many diseases (they have less vitamin D) – 2012 contains the following summary
Cancer Facts & Figures for African Americans Cancer.org
- “African Americans have the highest death rate and shortest survival of any racial and ethnic group in the US for most cancers”
- Has a huge number of tables and charts, Note: Vitamin D is not mentioned
Leading Causes of Death as of March 2018
| All Ages Death rate | Black | White | Ratio |
| Heart diseases | 217 | 171 | 1.27 |
| Cancer | 199 | 170 | 1.17 |
| Cerebrovascular diseases | 51 | 36 | 1.4 |
| Diabetes | 40 | 19 | 2.0 |
Rates per 100,000 Age adjusted Non-Hispanic
Download the PDF from VitaminDWiki
Little research has assessed serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration and its predictors in western dwelling South Asians in a relatively large sample size. This observational, cross-sectional analysis assessed baseline prevalence of 25(OH)D deficiency in UK dwelling South Asians (aged 40-69 years, 2006-2010) from the UK Biobank cohort. Serum 25(OH)D measurements were undertaken using the DiaSorin Liaison XL assay. Of n 6433 South Asians with a 25(OH)D measurement, using commonly used cut-off thresholds, 55% (n 3538) had 25(OH)D <25 nmol/L (severe deficiency) and 92% (n 5918) had 25(OH)D <50 nmol/L (insufficiency). Twenty per cent (n 1287) had 25(OH)D concentration <15 nmol/L (very severe deficiency). When n 824 participants with undetectable (<10 nmol/L) 25(OH)D measurements were included (total n 7257), 29% (n 2105) had 25(OH)D <15 nmol/L, 60% (n 4354) had 25(OH)D <25 nmol/L and 93% (n 6749) had 25(OH)D < 50 nmol/L. Logistic regression predictors of 25(OH)D <25 nmol/L included the following characteristics: being male; Pakistani; higher body mass index; 40-59 years old; never consuming oily fish; summer sun exposure < 5 hours per day, not using a vitamin D containing supplement, measurement in winter or spring and vegetarianism. In terms of region, median 25(OH)D concentration was 19-20 nmol/L in Scotland, Northern England, the Midlands and Wales. Across Southern England and London it was slightly higher at 24-25 nmol/L. Our analyses suggest the need for increased awareness of vitamin D deficiency in South Asians as well as urgent public health interventions to prevent and treat vitamin D deficiency in this group.
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