Effect of vitamin D administration in vitamin D-deficient pregnant women on maternal and neonatal serum calcium and vitamin D concentrations: a randomised clinical trial.
Br J Nutr. 2013 Apr 29:1-6.
Hashemipour S, Lalooha F, Zahir Mirdamadi S, Ziaee A, Dabaghi Ghaleh T.
Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Science, Qazvin, Iran.
There are several studies in which a correlation between maternal vitamin D deficiency and serum mineral disorders in the mother and the newborn has been reported. The present randomised clinical trial was designed to investigate the effect of vitamin D administration on maternal and fetal Ca and vitamin D status. The trial was carried out on 160 pregnant women. Vitamin D-deficient (25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) < 30 ng/ml) pregnant women were recruited at 26-28 weeks of pregnancy. In the control group, a multivitamin supplement containing 400 IU vitamin D3/d was given. Patients in the treatment group were treated with 50 000 IU vitamin D3 weekly for a total duration of 8 weeks. At delivery, maternal and fetal Ca and 25(OH)D levels in both groups were compared.
In total, 81 % of pregnant women were vitamin D deficient. At the time of delivery, Ca and vitamin D levels were higher in the treatment group compared with the control group (92 (sd 3) v. 85 (sd 4) mg/l, respectively, P= 0·001 for serum Ca; 47·8 (sd 11·1) v. 15·9 (sd 6·6) ng/ml, respectively, P< 0·001 for vitamin D).
At the time of delivery, 32·7 % of women in the control group had hypocalcaemia, while no hypocalcaemic case was detected in the vitamin D-treated group.
Mean neonatal serum 25(OH)D was higher in the treatment group compared with the control group (27·7 (sd 5·2) v.10·9 (sd 4·4) ng/ml, respectively, P< 0·01).
The neonatal Ca level in the treatment group was significantly higher than that of the control group (99 (sd 3) v. 91 (sd 3) mg/l, respectively, P< 0·001). The administration of vitamin D to pregnant women with vitamin D deficiency improves both maternal and neonatal Ca levels.
PMID: 23628132
2nd publication in a different journal of the same study
Effect of treatment of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency during pregnancy on fetal growth indices and maternal weight gain: a randomized clinical trial.
Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2013 Oct 19. pii: S0301-2115(13)00509-5. doi: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2013.10.010.
Hashemipour S, Ziaee A, Javadi A, Movahed F, Elmizadeh K, Javadi EH, Lalooha F.
Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Science, Qazvin, Iran.
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether treatment of low serum vitamin D in pregnant women improves fetal growth indices.
STUDY DESIGN: In this open-label randomized clinical trial, 130 Iranian pregnant women (24-26 weeks of gestation) with vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency [25(OH)D <30ng/ml] were divided at random into an intervention group and a control group. The control group received 200mg calcium plus a multivitamin (containing vitamin D3 400U) each day, and the intervention group received 200mg calcium plus a multivitamin (containing vitamin D3 400U) each day, plus vitamin D3 (50,000U) each week for 8 weeks. At delivery, maternal and cord blood 25(OH)D levels, maternal weight gain, neonatal length, neonatal weight and neonatal head circumference were compared between two groups. Serum vitamin D was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. A multivariate regression analysis was performed to examine the independent effect of maternal vitamin D level on fetal growth indices.
RESULTS: Mean (±standard deviation)
- length (intervention group: 49±1.6cm; control group: 48.2±1.7cm; p=0.001),
- head circumference (intervention group: 35.9±0.7cm; control group: 35.3±1.0cm; p=0.001) and
- weight (intervention group: 3429±351.9g; control group: 3258.8±328.2g; p=0.01)
were higher in the intervention group compared with the control group.
Mean maternal weight gain was higher in the intervention group compared with the control group (13.3±2.4kg vs 11.7±2.7kg; p=0.006).
Multivariate regression analysis for
- maternal weight gain,
- neonatal length,
- neonatal weight and
- neonatal head circumference
showed an independent correlation with maternal vitamin D level.
CONCLUSION: Treatment of low serum vitamin D during pregnancy improves fetal growth indices and maternal weight gain.
Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
PMID: 24210789
See also VitaminDWiki
- 35,000 IU vitamin D weekly during 3rd quarter pregnancy – RCT March 2013 which had the following
NH = not pregnant (much higher response to 35,000) solid line
PH = pregnant, higher dose (35,000 IU weekly)
PL = Pregnant and low (14,000 IU weekly)_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
- Vitamin D of 32 to 60 ng is needed before, during, and after pregnancy – Dec 2012
- All items in Pregnancy and Vitamin D
918 items - Overview Pregnancy and vitamin D which has the following summary
IU Cumulative Benefit Blood level Cofactors Calcium $*/month 200 Better bones for mom
with 600 mg of Calcium6 ng/ml increase Not needed No effect $0.10 400 Less Rickets (but not zero with 400 IU)
3X less adolescent Schizophrenia
Fewer child seizures20-30 ng/ml Not needed No effect $0.20 2000 2X More likely to get pregnant naturally/IVF
2X Fewer dental problems with pregnancy
8X less diabetes
4X fewer C-sections (>37 ng)
4X less preeclampsia (40 ng vs 10 ng)
5X less child asthma
2X fewer language problems age 542 ng/ml Desirable < 750 mg $1 4000 2X fewer pregnancy complications
2X fewer pre-term births49 ng/ml Should have
cofactors< 750 mg $3 6000 Probable: larger benefits for above items
Just enough D for breastfed infant
More maternal and infant weightShould have
cofactors< 750 mg $4 Near the end of pregnancy 50,000 IU vitamin D weekly was great – RCT April 201311797 visitors, last modified 20 Jul, 2017, This page is in the following categories (# of items in each category) - Overview Pregnancy and vitamin D which has the following summary