Effects of Vitamin D on COVID-19 Infection and Prognosis: A Systematic Review
Risk Management and Healthcare Policy 24.113.160.199 on 17-Jan-2021
Hiwot 丫isak®1 Amien Ewunetei®2 Belayneh Kefale®2 Melkalem Mamuye®1 Fentaw Teshome©1 Birhanie Ambaw1 Getachew 丫ideg 丫itbarek ®3
COVID-19 treated by Vitamin D - studies, reports, videos
As of Feb 28 had: 34 trials, 5 trial results, 14 meta-analyses and reviews, 47 observations, 30 recommendations, 47 associations, 85 speculations, 40 videos see also COVID-19 and Vitamin D: Governments, HealthProblems, Hospitals, Dark Skins, 26 COVID-19 risk factors are associated with low Vit D, Recent Virus pages
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The only 2 studies which did not find an association also have not found other Vitamin D associations
The biobank data uses vitamin D measurements which span a decade, and vitamin D levels often chance substanially over that time period
Introduction: Vitamin D status is related to risks of influenza and respiratory tract infections. Vitamin D has direct antiviral effects primarily against enveloped viruses, and coronavirus is an enveloped virus. The 2019 coronavirus disease had a high mortality rate and impacted the whole population of the planet, with severe acute respiratory syndrome the principal cause of death. Vitamin D can adequately modulate and regulate the immune and oxidative response to infection with COVID-19. The goal of this systematic review was thus to summarize and decide if there were a link between vitamin D status and COVID-19 infection and prognosis.
Methods: The protocol of this study is documented in the Prospero database and can be accessed with the protocol number CRD42020201283. PubMed and Google Scholar were used for a literature search from August 2020 to September 2020. We restricted the year of publication of reviewed articles to 2019-2020, and the selected language was English. Studies that used secondary data, feedback, or analysis of reviews were removed. To assess the standard of studies included, the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) method was used.
Results: Of the nine studies reviewed, seven (77.8%) showed that COVID-19 infection, prognosis, and mortality were correlated with vitamin D status.
Conclusion: Most of the articles reviewed showed that blood vitamin D status can determine the risk of being infected with COVID-19, seriousness of COVID-19, and mortality from COVID-19. Therefore, maintaining appropriate levels of Vitamin D through supplementation or natural methods, eg, sunlight on the skin, is recommended for the public to be able to cope with the pandemic.
Plain-Language Summary
- Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin.
- It is already established that vitamin D is associated with risks of influenza and respiratory tract infection.
- Currently, COVID-19 poses a higher death rate and impacts the world population as a whole.
- There are inadequate systematic reviews that summarize the relationship of vitamin D to infections with COVID-19 and prognosis.
- The goal of this systematic review was to summarize and decide if there were a relationship between vitamin D status and COVID-19 infection and prognosis.
- We performed an inclusive search for literature from August to September 2020. Some newly published articles after the search were also considered, and articles published from 2019 to 2020 were included.
- In sum, 77.8% of the articles reviewed showed that vitamin D status was related to the infection, prognosis, and mortality of COVID-19.
- In conclusion, most of the articles showed that blood vitamin D status could be used to assess the risk of catching COVID-19, the seriousness of COVID-19 disease, and death. Therefore, maintaining appropriate levels of vitamin D through supplementation or naturally through sunshine is recommended for the public to cope with the pandemic
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