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Low vitamin D while pregnant – a health emergency (Indonesia in this case) – meta-analysis May 2023


A systematic review and meta-analysis of prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among Indonesian pregnant women: a public health emergency

AJOG Global Reports Volume 3, Issue 2, May 2023, 100189 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xagr.2023.100189
Gilbert Sterling Octavius MD, MHM, MM 1, Vamela Adman Daleni MD 2, Glenda Angeline MD 2, Cindy Virliani MD 2

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Only 12% had > 30 ng (75 nmol)

OBJECTIVE
There are few in-depth investigations or meta-analyses determining the prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency in expectant Indonesian mothers. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to determine this prevalence.

DATA SOURCES
We searched information using the following databases: MEDLINE, PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, ScienceDirect, Neliti, Indonesia Onesearch, Indonesian Scientific Journal Database, bioRxiv, and medRxiv.

STUDY ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA
The inclusion criteria included cross-sectional studies or observational studies published in any language, studying Indonesian pregnant women whose vitamin D levels were measured.

METHODS
Vitamin D deficiency in this review was defined as serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D <50 nmol/L, whereas vitamin D insufficiency was defined as serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D between 50 and 75 nmol/L. The analysis was done using Stata software with the Metaprop command.

RESULTS
The meta-analysis included 6 studies involving 830 pregnant women aged 27.6–30.6 years. Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among Indonesian pregnant women was 63% (95% confidence interval, 40–86; I2, 98.9%; P<.0001). The prevalence rates of vitamin D insufficiency and hypovitaminosis D were 25% (95% confidence interval, 16–34; I2, 83.37%; P<.01) and 78% (95% confidence interval, 60–96; I2, 96.81%; P<.01), respectively. The mean serum vitamin D level was 40.59 nmol/L (95% confidence interval, 26.04–55.13; I2, 99.57%; P<.01).

CONCLUSION
Pregnant women in Indonesia are at risk for vitamin D deficiency, which constitutes a public health issue. Possible unwanted consequences, including preeclampsia and small-for-gestational-age newborns, are more likely to occur when vitamin D deficiency in pregnant women is left untreated. However, more studies are needed to prove these relationships.
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Indonesia is on equator, but have dark skin. have concealing clothing, want white skin

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86% Muslim
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Women around the world want whiter skin


VitaminDWiki - Pregnancy category contains

884 items in Pregnancy category

 - see also


VitaminDWiki -Healthy pregnancies need lots of vitamin D contains

Problem
Vit. D
Reduces
Evidence
0. Chance of not conceiving3.4 times Observe
1. Miscarriage 2.5 times Observe
2. Pre-eclampsia 3.6 timesRCT
3. Gestational Diabetes 3 times RCT
4. Good 2nd trimester sleep quality 3.5 times Observe
5. Premature birth 2 times RCT
6. C-section - unplanned 1.6 timesObserve
     Stillbirth - OMEGA-3 4 timesRCT - Omega-3
7. Depression AFTER pregnancy 1.4 times RCT
8. Small for Gestational Age 1.6 times meta-analysis
9. Infant height, weight, head size
     within normal limits
RCT
10. Childhood Wheezing 1.3 times RCT
11. Additional child is Autistic 4 times Intervention
12.Young adult Multiple Sclerosis 1.9 timesObserve
13. Preeclampsia in young adult 3.5 timesRCT
14. Good motor skills @ age 31.4 times Observe
15. Childhood Mite allergy 5 times RCT
16. Childhood Respiratory Tract visits 2.5 times RCT

RCT = Randomized Controlled Trial


VitaminDWiki - 28 studies in both categories Dark Skin and Pregnancy

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Attached files

ID Name Comment Uploaded Size Downloads
19647 Indo women1.jpg admin 06 Jun, 2023 37.15 Kb 75
19646 Indonesia map.jpg admin 06 Jun, 2023 14.84 Kb 83
19645 Pregnant Indonesia.jpg admin 06 Jun, 2023 39.96 Kb 86
19644 Indonesia pregnant_CompressPdf.pdf admin 06 Jun, 2023 440.27 Kb 63