Vitamin D Receptor gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to type 2 diabetes: evidence from a meta-regression and meta-analysis based on 47 studies
Journal of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders 2021, 20 (1): 845-867
Surendar Aravindhan, Mohammed Fadhil Mohammed Almasoody, Nihad Abdallah Selman, Alekhina Natalia Andreevna, Sahithya Ravali, Payam Mohammadi, Mohammad Masoud Eslami, Bahman Razi, Saeed Aslani, Danyal Imani
Overview Diabetes and vitamin D contains the following
- Diabetes is 5X more frequent far from the equator
- Children getting 2,000 IU of vitamin D are 8X less likely to get Type 1 diabetes
- Obese people get less sun / Vitamin D - and also vitamin D gets lost in fat
- Sedentary people get less sun / Vitamin D
- Worldwide Diabetes increase has been concurrent with vitamin D decrease and air conditioning
- Elderly get 4X less vitamin D from the same amount of sun
Elderly also spend less time outdoors and have more clothes on - All items in category Diabetes and Vitamin D
514 items: both Type 1 and Type 2 Vitamin D appears to both prevent and treat diabetes
- Appears that >2,000 IU will Prevent
- Appears that >4,000 IU will Treat , but not cure
- Appears that Calcium and Magnesium are needed for both Prevention and Treatment
- which are just some of the vitamin D cofactors
Number of articles in both categories of Diabetes and:
- Dark Skin
24 ; Intervention 55 ; Meta-analysis 36 ; Obesity 32 ; Pregnancy 42 ; T1 (child) 38 ; Omega-3 11 ; Vitamin D Receptor 22 ; Genetics 12 ; Magnesium 25 Click here to see details Some Diabetes studies
- Glycemic control of type 2 diabetes – only Vitamin D had high quality studies – meta-analysis Sept 2022
- Diabetic inflammation synergistically decreased by Vitamin D and exercise – RCT June 2022
- Incidence of Type-2 Diabetes increased 3X in 30 years (by the way, Vitamin D helps) – July 2022
- Vitamin d treats Type II Diabetes in many ways (14 article review) - Sept 2021
- Diabetes 30 percent more likely if poor Vitamin D Receptor – meta-analysis of 47 studies – July 2021
- Diabetes helped somewhat by weekly 50,000 IU of vitamin D (5 ways to improve) – RCT Aug 2021
- Diabetes prevented by 50,000 IU vitamin D monthly (Iran) – Jan 2022
- Most Diabetics getting 40,000 IU of vitamin D weekly did not get to 30 ng (needed gut-friendly form) - RCT June 2020
50 ng of Vitamin D fights Diabetes
- Saudi study defines normal Vitamin D level to be 50 to 70 ng (diabetes, etc.) - June 2020
- Diabetes 5X less likely if more than 50 ng of Vitamin D – April 2018
T1 Diabetes
- T1 Diabetes 3X lower risk if high vitamin D (over 40 ng) – Meta-analysis Nov 2020
- Type 1 Diabetes is prevented and treated by Vitamin D – review of 16 studies – Sept 2019
- Type 1 Diabetes prevention with Vitamin D and Omega-3 – Symposium April 2019
Pre-Diabetes
- Prediabetes reduced by weekly 60,000 IU of Vitamin D – RCT Jan 2021
- Prediabetes 1.5 X more likely to go away if take Vitamin D – meta-analysis July 2020
Magnesium
- Magnesium fights diabetes (yet again)– meta-analysis Nov 2021
- Reduced Magnesium is associated with reduced health (Diabetes in this case) - April 2022
- Magnesium in Obesity, Metabolic Syndrome, and Type 2 Diabetes - Jan 2021
Items in both categories Vitamin D Receptor and Diabetes are listed here:- T2 diabetes complications increased 35-52 percent if low vitamin D – Sept 2022
- Diabetes 30 percent more likely if poor Vitamin D Receptor – meta-analysis of 47 studies – July 2021
- Gestational Diabetes – increased risk if poor Vitamin D Receptor – 2 Meta-Analyses 2021
- Type 1 Diabetes (Autoimmune) and Vitamin D, Vitamin D Receptor and Cathelicidin - Dec 2020
- Diabetes decreased by activating Vitamin D Receptor (transgenic mice) – Feb 2020
- Gestational Diabetes 2.4X more likely if poor Vitamin D Receptor (region in China) – June 2019
- Gestational Diabetes 3 X more likely if poor Vitamin D receptor (Turkey) – May 2019
- Resveratrol prevented bone loss associated with T2DM (probably via VDR) – RCT Sept 2018
- Diabetic nephropathy deactivates the Vitamin D Receptor, reducing tissue Vit D – Feb 2019
- Resveratrol improves health (Vitamin D receptor, etc.)
- Inflammation and immune responses to Vitamin D (perhaps need to measure active vitamin D) – July 2017
- Type 1 Diabetes 14 percent more likely with 2 Vitamin D Receptor mutations – Oct 2017
- Gestational Diabetes Mellitus associated with 4 Vitamin D genes – Oct 2015
- Diabetic nephropathy (Kidney problem) 1.8 X more likely if poor Vitamin D Receptor – meta-analysis July 2017
- Type 1 Diabetes association with poor Vitamin D Receptor: 39 studies – April 2017
- Type 1 diabetes 1.6 times more likely if a Vitamin D Receptor problem – Feb 2017
- Diabetic Retinopathy 2 X more likely if poor Vitamin D Receptor – meta-analysis Nov 2016
- Diabetic foot ulcer 1.7 times more likely if poor Vitamin D Receptor – Jan 2017
- Vitamin D activates the hypothalamus (in rodents) to reduce weight and diabetes– May 2016
- Diabetes (T2) 16 percent more likely if Vitamin D receptor problem – Oct 2015
- Type 1 diabetes associated with faulty Vitamin D receptor genes – May 2013
- Vitamin D receptor gene associated with 50 percent more type 2 Diabetes – meta-analyses 2013, 2016
The risk of 44 diseases at least double with poor Vitamin D Receptor as of Oct 2019Vitamin D Receptor activation can be increased by any of: Resveratrol, Omega-3, Magnesium, Zinc, Quercetin, non-daily Vit D, Curcumin, intense exercise, Ginger, Essential oils, etc Note: The founder of VitaminDWiki uses 10 of the 13 known VDR activators
Observation: A person with Diabetes should consider:
- Increasing intake of vitamin D to get more vitamin D in the blood - especially a gut-friendly form
- Taking one or more of the Receptor activators (above) to get more vitamin D from the blood to the cells
Download the PDF from VitaminDWiki
Background: Evidence from various studies suggest that vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms are associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D); However, these results have been disputable. Here we conducted a meta-analysis to comprehensively evaluate the effect of VDR gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to T2D.
Methods: All relevant studies reporting the association between VDR gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to T2D published up to August 2020 were identified by comprehensive systematic database search in web of science, Scopus, and Medline. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to measure strength of association. The methodological quality of each study was assessed according to the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Subgroup and meta-regression analysis were also performed.
Results: A total of 47 case-control studies were included in this meta-analysis. The overall population results revealed a significant association between FokI, and BsmI (heterozygote model) polymorphisms and T2D in the overall analysis. However, no association was found with the TaqI and ApaI polymorphisms. Moreover, the pooled results of subgroup analysis by ethnicity suggested significant association between FokI, TaqI , and BsmI polymorphisms and T2D in some subgroups. Meta-regression analyses indicated that none of the publication year, ethnicity, and genotyping method were the source of heterogenicity in all four polymorphisms.
Conclusions: This meta-analysis suggested a significant association between VDR gene FokI , and BsmI (heterozygote model) polymorphisms and T2D susceptibility in overall population and ethnic-specific analysis.
Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40200-020-00704-z.
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