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Colorectal cancer far less deadly if few lymph cells and Vitamin D is high – Nov 2018

Vitamin D status after colorectal cancer diagnosis and patient survival according to immune response to tumour

European Journal of Cancer, Vol 103, Nov 2018, Pages 98-107, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejca.2018.07.130
TsuyoshiHamadaa1LiLiuabc1JonathanA.Nowakd1KosukeMimaeYinCaobfghKimmieNgeTyler S.TwomblyaMingyangSongbfgSeungyounJungiRuoxuDoueYoheiMasugiaKeisukeKosumiaYanShiajAnnacarolinada SilvaaMancangGuakWanwanLiaNaNaKeumblKanaWubmn…ShujiOginoadnr2


PDF is available free at Sci-Hub  10.1016/j.ejca.2018.07.130

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Highlights

  • The survival association of vitamin D is stronger in cancer with fewer lymphocytes.
  • Vitamin D and peritumoural lymphocytes interact to modify cancer progression.
  • Vitamin D may exert anti-tumour immune-enhancing effects.
  • Peritumoural lymphocytic reaction may be a biomarker for benefits from vitamin D
  • Our data support immunomodulatory lifestyle interventions for cancer patients.


Background
High-level plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] has been associated with lower colorectal cancer incidence and mortality. Considering evidence indicating immunomodulatory effects of vitamin D, we hypothesised that survival benefits from high systemic vitamin D level might be stronger for colorectal carcinoma with lower immune response to tumour.

Methods
Using 869 colon and rectal cancer cases within the Nurses' Health Study and Health Professionals Follow-up Study, we assessed the prognostic association of postdiagnosis 25(OH)D score [derived from diet and lifestyle variables to predict plasma 25(OH)D level] in strata of levels of histopathologic lymphocytic reaction. The Cox proportional hazards regression model was adjusted for potential confounders, including microsatellite instability, CpG island methylator phenotype, LINE-1 methylation, PTGS2 (cyclooxygenase-2) expression and KRAS, BRAF and PIK3CA mutations.

Results
The association of postdiagnosis 25(OH)D score with colorectal cancer-specific mortality differed by levels of peritumoural lymphocytic reaction (pinteraction = 0.001). Multivariable-adjusted mortality hazard ratios for a quintile-unit increase of 25(OH)D score were 0.69 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.54–0.89] in cases with negative/low peritumoural lymphocytic reaction, 1.08 (95% CI, 0.93–1.26) in cases with intermediate peritumoural reaction and 1.25 (95% CI, 0.75–2.09) in cases with high peritumoural reaction. The survival association of the 25(OH)D score did not significantly differ by Crohn's-like lymphoid reaction, intratumoural periglandular reaction or tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes.

Conclusions
The association between the 25(OH)D score and colorectal cancer survival is stronger for carcinomas with lower peritumoural lymphocytic reaction. Our results suggesting interactive effects of vitamin D and immune response may contribute to personalised dietary and lifestyle intervention strategies.
peritumoural lymphocytic reaction



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