COVID-19 antibodies 2.6 X more likely if had symptoms and low vitamin D (UK hospital staff)– Oct 5 2020

Vitamin D status and seroconversion for COVID-19 in UK healthcare workers who isolated for COVID-19 like symptoms during the 2020 pandemic.

Aduragbemi A Faniyi, Sebastian T Lugg, Sian E Faustini, Craig Webster, Joanne E Duffy, Martin Hewison,4 Adrian Shields,2 3 Peter Nightingale,3 Alex G Richter,23** David R Thickett.13**
Correspondence to Prof David R Thickett, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TH, UK; d.thickett at bham.ac.uk
 Download the preprint PDF from VitaminDWiki

Higher D: Fewer people made antibodies

Higher D: Fewer male BAME made antibodies

Note: BAME were 8.9X more likely to have <30 nmol of VItamin D

Higher D: Less fever

Higher D: Fewer aches and pains

Summary
Background: It is clear that in UK healthcare workers, COVID-19 infections and deaths were more likely to be in staff who were of BAME origin. This has led to much speculation about the role of vitamin D in healthcare worker COVID-19 infections. We aimed to determine the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in NHS staff who have isolated with symptoms suggestive of COVID-19 and relate this to vitamin D status.

Methods: We recruited NHS healthcare workers between 12th to 22nd May 2020 as part of the COVID-19 convalescent immunity study (COCO). We measured anti-SARS-Cov-2 antibodies using a combined IgG, IgA and IgM ELISA (The Binding Site). Vitamin D status was determined by measurement of serum 25(OH)D3 using the AB SCIEX Triple Quad 4500 mass spectrometry system.

Findings: Of the 392 NHS healthcare workers, 214 (55%) had seroconverted for COVID-19. A total of 61 (15.6%) members of staff were vitamin D deficient (<30 nmol/l) with significantly more staff from BAME backgrounds or in a junior doctor role being deficient. Vitamin D levels were lower in those who were younger, had a higher BMI (>30 kg/m2), and were male. Multivariate analysis revealed that BAME and COVID-19 seroconversion were independent predictors of vitamin D deficiency. Staff who were vitamin D deficient were more likely to self-report symptoms of body aches and pains but importantly not the respiratory symptoms of cough and breathlessness. Vitamin D levels were lower in those COVID-19 positive staff who reported fever, but this did not reach statistical significance. Within the whole cohort there was an increase in seroconversion in staff with vitamin D deficiency compared to those without vitamin D deficiency (n=44/61, 72% vs n=170/331, 51%; p=0*003); this was particularly marked in the proportion of BAME males who were vitamin D deficient compared to non-vitamin D deficient BAME males (n=17/18, 94% vs n=12/23, 52%; p=0*005). Multivariate analysis revealed that vitamin D deficiency was an independent risk factor for seroconversion (OR 2.6, 95%CI 1.41-4.80; p=0.002).

Interpretation: In those healthcare workers who have isolated due to symptoms of COVID-19, those of BAME ethnicity are at the highest risk of vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D deficiency is a risk factor for COVID-19 seroconversion for NHS healthcare workers especially in BAME male staff.

---

See also VitaminDWiki

COVID-19 news
COVID-19 and Dark Skins
COVID-19 treated by Vitamin D - studies, reports, videos
Contents as of Oct 23:

• 33 trials, 1 trial result, 26 observations, 9 recommendations, 34 associations, 73 speculations, 25 videos

Top Vitamin D and COVID-19 recent updates

• Magnesium (which increases vitamin D) may fight COVID-19 - Oct 2020
• 9X COVID-19 survival in nursing home if had 80,000 IU dose of vitamin D in previous month – Oct 2020
• COVID-19 fought by Vitamin D in 43 studies - Oct 15, 2020
• COVID-19 antibodies 2.6 X more likely if had symptoms and low vitamin D (UK hospital staff)– Oct 5 2020
• 15 studies indicating that Vitamin D fights COVID-19 - Dr. Grimes Oct 9, 2020
• 32X more likely to have severe-critical COVID-19 in Turkish hospital if Vitamin D deficient – Oct 5, 2020
  • 
• Vitamin D Cuts SARS-CoV-2 Infection Rate by Half Mercola Sept 28
  • 47% lower SARS-CoV-2 positivity rate if > 50 ng vs < 20 ng
  • 58% lower risk of testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 if > 30 ng vs < 30 ng
  • 2X higher risk of hospitialization if <30 ng
  • ICU patients got semi-activated Vitamin D - death rate dropped to 2% from 50%
• Virtually no COVID-19 cases in countries having more than 30 ng of Vitamin D - Sept 17, 2020
  • 
• Studies on Vitamin D and COVID-19 (11 categories) - Sept 20, 2020
• Rate of COVID-19 test positive is 40 pcnt lower if high vitamin D (192,000 people) - Holick Sept 2020
  • 
• 14.7 X more likely to die of COVID-19 if less than 12 ng of Vitamin D (185 Germans) – Sept 10, 2020
  • 
• Low D increases risk of infection. Dr. Fauci Sept 11
  • "If you're deficient in vitamin D, that does have an impact on your susceptibility to infection. I would not mind recommending, and I do it myself, taking vitamin D supplements,..." 32 minutes into Instagram interview
  • Dr. Fauci takes 6,000 IU of Vitamin D daily – Sept 2020
• 

Click on chart for details

• COVID-19 defeated by activated Vitamin D in Spain - pilot RCT Aug 29, 2020
• COVID-19 1.77X less likely if more than 20 ng of vitamin D (489 people) – JAMA Sept 2020
• COVID-19 increased: 3.5 if Ultra-Orthodox, 2.6X if dark skin (52,000 Israelis) - Sept, 2020
  • 1.8 X higher risk if <12 ng vs >30 ng - independent of sex, race
• Parkinson's Disease patients who were taking Vitamin D were 0.56 X less likely to catch COVID-19 - June 2020
  • COVID‐19 in Parkinson’s Disease Patients Living in Lombardy, Italy:   https://doi.org/10.1002/mds.28176
  • 
  • Note: Parkinson’s patients – 41 percent now supplement with Vitamin D – Nov 2017
• WHO – Severe COVID-19 mortality reduced by hormones (should consider hormone D too) - Sept 2020
• COVID-19 Call to Action – eliminate Vitamin D deficiency – Manson Sept 1, 2020
• Vitamin D in Prevention and Treatment of COVID-19 (16 reasons) – Sept 1, 2020
• Massive Review of papers on Vitamin D and COVID-19 - peer reviewed Aug 7?

Search Google Scholar for COVID-19 Vitamin D 20,000 publications Oct 10, 2020

Many clinical trials are underway which are testing Vitamin D to fight COVID-19

---

See also web

• Having a vitamin D deficiency could make you more likely to catch Covid-19, another study claims reporting on this study
• COVID-19 Serology Testing Explained May 2020